diciembre 2025 - DERMAGIC EXPRESS / Dermatologia y Bibliografia - Dermatology & bibliography DERMAGIC EXPRESS / Dermatologia y Bibliografia - Dermatology & bibliography: diciembre 2025

jueves, 4 de diciembre de 2025

LA PITIRIASIS ROSADA, REVISION / THE PITYRIASIS ROSEA, A REVIEW.


LA PITIRIASIS ROSADA Y EL HERPES VIRUS HUMANO, ACTUALIZACIÓN. 



  THE PITYRIASIS ROSEA AN THE HUMAN HERPES VIRUS, UPDATE.





Gibert's pityriasis rosea, lesions in the abdominal region with a heraldic plaque.






 ACTUALIZADO 2.025



EDITORIAL ESPAÑOL
===================
Hola amigos de la red, DERMAGIC de nuevo con ustedes con el tema: PITIRIASIS ROSADA ACTUALIZACIÓN

1.) HISTORIA: 

La pitiriasis Rosada es una de esas enfermedades ancestrales, descrita por  Primera vez por el medico Frances Camille Melchior GIBERT,  en 1860.   

- OTROS AUTORES LA DESCRIBIERON CON OTROS NOMBRES, a saber:
 
- Eritema Anulatum (Rayer).
- Herpes tonsurans maculoso y escamoso (Hebra).
- Liquen annulatum serpiginoso (Wilson). 
- Pitiriasis circinada (Honrad). 
- Pitiriasis diseminada (Hardy).
- Pitiriasis marginada y circinada ((Vidal).
- Pitiriasis Rubra aigu disseminee (Bazin).
- Seudoexantema eritemato descamativo (Besnier).
- Roseola Annulata (Wilan).
- Roseola furfuracea herpetiforme (Beherend).
- Roseola escamosa (Nicolas y Chapard).

Pero definitivamente el primero en describirla fue CAMILLE GIBERT en ese año de 1860.
 
2.) ETIOLOGÍA: 
 
Hoy en día han pasado mas de 160 años desde la época que inmortalizo a GIBERT, y se discuten los probables agentes causales de la enfermedad, entre ellos bacterias y virus de la familia herpes, siendo estos últimos los VIRUS HERPES 6 y 7 los mas asociados con la enfermedad. 

- La LEGIONELLA MICMADEI(pneumophila) una bacteria gramnegativa bacilar, ha sido encontrada en algunos casos de Pitiriasis rosada, mas no se le atribuye como agente causal confirmado.
 
- Esta bacteria esta involucrada en la llamada Neumonía de Pittsburg, Enfermedad del Legionario y  también en la llamada Fiebre de Pontiac.  
 
- También han sido encontrado anticuerpos contra el VIRUS EPSTEIN BARR (EBV), en algunos casos se ha encontrado      MYCOPLASMA PNEUMONIA, CITOMEGALOVIRUS y virus del tipo PICORNAVIRUS (resfriado comun);  tampoco son considerados agentes causales de esta patología. 
 
- Por ultimo, se han descrito casos de ERUPCIONES SIMILARES a la PITIRIASIS ROSADA, producida por medicamentos, entre ellos: barbitúricos, metronidazol, alopurinol, diureticos (hidroclorotiazida), e inhibidores de la enzima convertidora de la angiotensina (ECA), es decir antihipertensivos: CaptoprilEnalapril, LisinoprilRamiprilPerindoprilQuinaprilBenazepril,   FosinoprilTrandolaprilMoexipril. A estas erupciones se les conoce con el nombre de PITIRIASIS ROSADA-LIKE.
 

3.) CARACTERÍSTICAS CLÍNICAS:

La PITIRIASIS ROSADA tiene un comportamiento netamente ESTACIONAL, donde en una época del año (otoño e invierno) ocurren la mayoría de los casos.
 
- Es más frecuente en la mujer que el hombre, en una proporción de 2 -1, también se presenta en niños y adolescentes.
 
- Aunque CLÁSICAMENTE no produce lesiones en cara, palmas y plantas, yo he visto tales manifestaciones y están descritas en la literatura.


                            
Classic lesions of pityriasis rosea on the chest and abdomen.



- La clásica mácula o PLACA HERÁLDICA representa el inicio de la enfermedad y luego de 1 a 2 semanas, se presenta un brote metamérico descrito como en "árbol de navidad" clásico de tal enfermedad.
 
- Por lo general son placas ovales, eritematosas, que en el centro presentan una descamación descrita como "papel de cigarrillo".
 
- La enfermedad puede ser auto-limitada, (pocas lesiones), o presentarse como una dermatosis GENERALIZADA, respetando solo palmas, plantas y cara (ver fotos).
 
4.) CLASIFICACIÓN: 
 
Durante muchos años se consideraba una sola presentación, que es la mas común y es la forma en placas, pero luego se describieron otras variantes, de modo que hoy dia se le clasifica así:
 
A.)  FORMA TÍPICA: la mas común ya descrita, que son PLACAS, con la clásica distribución en "árbol de navidad" y PLACA HERÁLDICA.
 
B.) FORMAS ATÍPICAS: se han descrito variantes, VESICULARES, PAPULARES, y PURPÚRICAS (hemorragicas)  de la misma afección. Las vesiculares y papulares son mas frecuentes en niños, y las purpuricas son las mas raras, (adolescentes y adultos jóvenes).
 
5.) EVOLUCIÓN: 

Un dato interesante de la PITIRIASIS ROSADA, es que en la mayoría de los casos NO REPITE LA ENFERMEDAD, aunque en algunos casos a los años puede presentarse una segunda manifestación IGUAL a la primera vez; incluso se han descrito casos de 3 brotes en periodos cortos de años.
 
- Se hace esta aclaratoria, porque en las primeras descripciones de la enfermedad se decía que dejaba INMUNIDAD TOTAL, hecho que posteriormente se comprobó no era cierto. 
 
- Si tomamos como válida la RECIENTE afirmación que la PITIRIASIS ROSADA esta asociada a los HERPES VIRUS 6 Y 7.
 
- Y que  EL CAMBIO ESTACIONAL (otoño, invierno) ACTIVA la virulencia de estos virus, provocando la enfermedad, al cambiar el clima de nuevo (verano), LOS VIRUS PIERDEN ACTIVIDAD y disminuye el porcentaje de casos. 
 
- Otro dato INTERESANTE a tomar en cuenta es que la PITIRIASIS ROSADA DE GIBERT NO ES CONTAGIOSA, a pesar de que el agente causal mas asociado con la enfermedad son los HERPES VIRUS 6 y 7.



La pitiriasis Rosada de Gibert, espalda



- NO TODOS los familiares o personas en contacto con los afectados MANIFIESTAN LA ENFERMEDAD, ?? esto se explicaría por el grado de protección inmunológica que tienen las PERSONAS CONTRA ESTOS HERPES VIRUS. 
 
- TAMBIÉN EXISTEN PERSONAS A LAS CUALES nunca las dio la ENFERMEDAD, otra prueba mas de la protección inmunológica que poseen genéticamente.
 
6.) EVOLUCIÓN:
 
- La pitiriasis rosada puede durar hasta 90 días en algunos casos luego de aparecer la mancha Heráldica, con o sin tratamiento y en algunos casos desaparece sola. Pero lo recomendable es acudir al dermatólogo para su tratamiento adecuado.
 
- La enfermedad NO DEJA SECUELAS de ningún tipo.
 
- Los casos SEVEROS, requieren TRATAMIENTO y REPOSO en casa.  
 
7.) TRATAMIENTO:
 
Las opciones de tratamiento para esta enfermedad son:
 
1.) Tratamiento sintomático: antihistamínicos para el prurito o comezón.
2.) Corticosteroides tópicos. 
3.) Hidratantes.
4.)  ANTIVIRALES. se demostrado en muchos casos el éxito de el ACICLOVIR,  y VALACICLOVIR (debido a su etiología viral).
5.) Antibióticos: ERITROMICINA, CEFADROXILO y CEFALOSPORINAS, también han sido utilizado con éxito en algunos casos.
 
 8.) RESUMEN:

La clásica PITIRIASIS ROSADA se comporta CASI igualmente en todos los pacientes, con un RASH eruptivo, luego de un tiempo de incubación marcado por la placa HERÁLDICA.
 
Se han descrito casos de lesiones en mucosas (boca), y más del 98% de los casos deja inmunidad definitiva.
 
Considerada de causa desconocida en sus comienzos, en la década de los 90 se le comprobó su ETIOLOGÍA INFECCIOSA (principalmente VIRAL).


Pityriasis rosea of ​​Gibert, heraldic patch




En base a los  HECHOS de 1.) ETIOLOGÍA VIRAL (como las clásicas eruptivas), y 2.) La mayoría deja INMUNIDAD DEFINITIVA, podría decirse que se comporta como una CLÁSICA ERUPTIVA.
 
En base a ello se ha asomado la posibilidad de considerarla como LA SEXTA ENFERMEDAD, en el grupo de las eruptivas:
 


Pityriasis rosea of ​​Gibert, thighs and legs



1.) SARAMPIÓN: Virus Morbilivirus (virus de ARN)
2.) VARICELA: Varicela-zoster virus.
3.) RUBEOLA: Rubivirus:
4.) EXANTEMA SUBITO o ROSEOLA INFANTIL: Herpes Virus 6 y 7.
5.) ERITEMA INFECCIOSO: (Quinta enfermedad): Parbovirus B19.
6.) PITIRIASIS ROSADA: Herpes virus 6 y 7.
 
 


Pitiriasis Rosada purpúrica


NOTA: Después de la Pandemia del virus Sars-Cov 2 (COVID 19) se han descrito casos de brotes de PITIRIASIS ROSADA, después de las vacunaciones.

En este enlace encontraras la primera publicación que hice sobre la PTIRIASIS ROSADA, BUSCANDO UN AGENTE CAUSAL, donde todavía no se sabia con certeza que los HERPES VIRUS 6 y 7, eran los agentes mas involucrados en esta patología.


En las referencias los hechos


Saludos !!!


Dr José Lapenta R.
Dr. José M. Lapenta.




ENGLISH EDITORIAL
===================
 Hello friends of the network, DERMAGIC is back with you with the topic: PITYRIASIS ROSEA UPDATE.

1.) HISTORY:

Pityriasis rosea is one of those ancient diseases, first described by the French physician Camille Melchior Gibert in 1860.

- OTHER AUTHORS DESCRIBED IT WITH OTHER NAMES, namely:

- Erythema Annulatum (Rayer).
- Maculosa and Squamous Herpes Tonsurans (Hebra).
- Serpiginous Lichen Annulatum (Wilson).
- Circinate Pityriasis (Honrad).
- Disseminated Pityriasis (Hardy).
- Pityriasis marginata and circinata (Vidal).
- Pityriasis rubra aigu disseminee (Bazin).
- Pseudo-erythematous-desquamative exanthem (Besnier).
- Roseola annulata (Wilan).
- Roseola furfuracea herpetiforme (Beherend).
- Roseola squamosa (Nicolas and Chapard).

But definitively, the first to describe it was Camille Gibert in 1860.

2.) ETIOLOGY:

Today, more than 160 years have passed since the time that immortalized Gibert, and the probable causative agents of the disease are debated, including bacteria and viruses of the herpes family, with herpes viruses 6 and 7 being the most associated with the disease.

- LEGIONELLA MICMADEI,  (pneumophila) a gram-negative rod-shaped bacterium, has been found in some cases of pityriasis rosea, but it is not considered a confirmed causative agent. 
 
- This bacterium is involved in what is called Pittsburgh Pneumonia, Legionnaires' Disease, and also in what is called Pontiac Fever.

- Antibodies against EPSTEIN BARR VIRUS (EBV) have also been found, and in some cases, MYCOPLASMA PNEUMONIAE, PICORNAVIRUS type virus (common cold), and CYTOMEGALOVIRUS have been found; these are also not considered causative agents of this condition.

- Finally, cases of rashes similar to PITYRIASIS ROSEA have been described, caused by medications, including: barbiturates, metronidazole, allopurinol, diuretics (hydrochlorothiazide), and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, i.e., antihypertensives: captopril, enalapril, lisinopril, ramipril, perindopril, quinapril, benazepril, fosinopril, trandolapril, and moexipril. These rashes are known as 
PITYRIASIS ROSEA-LIKE rashes.

3.) CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS:


PITYRIASIS ROSEA has a distinctly SEASONAL pattern, with most cases occurring during a specific time of year (autumn and winter).

- It is more common in women than men, in a ratio of 2:1, and also occurs in children and adolescents.

- Although it classically does not produce lesions on the face, palms, and soles, I have seen such manifestations, and they are described in the literature.
 
  

The Pityriasis Rosea, herpes virus 6 -7



 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
- The classic MACULE  or HERALD PATCH represents the onset of the disease, and after 1 to 2 weeks, a metameric outbreak appears, described as a classic "Christmas tree" pattern.

- These are generally oval, erythematous plaques with a central scaling pattern described as "cigarette paper."

- The disease can be self-limiting (few lesions) or present as a generalized dermatosis, sparing only the palms, soles, and face (see photos).

4.) CLASSIFICATION:


For many years, only one presentation was considered, the most common being the plaque form. However, other variants were later described, so today it is classified as follows:

A.) TYPICAL FORM: the most common form, as described above, which consists of plaques with the classic "Christmas tree" distribution and herald patch.

B.) ATYPICAL FORMS: VESICULAR, PAPULAR and PURPURIC (hemorrhagic) variants of the same condition have been described. Vesicular and papular forms are more frequent in children, while purpuric forms are the rarest (adolescents and young adults).

5.) EVOLUTION:

An interesting fact about GIBERT 
PITYRIASIS ROSEA is that in most cases the disease DOES NOT RECURR, although in some cases a second outbreak, identical to the first, may appear years later; cases of three outbreaks in short periods of years have even been described.

This clarification is made because early descriptions of the disease stated that it conferred total immunity, a claim that was later proven false.

- If we accept the recent assertion that pityriasis rosea is associated with HERPES VIRUS TYPES 6 and 7.

- And that seasonal changes (autumn, winter) activate the virulence of these viruses, causing the disease, while with the return of summer, the viruses become less active and the percentage of cases decreases.

- Another interesting fact to consider is that 
PITYRIASIS ROSEA  IS NOT CONTAGIOUS is not contagious, even though herpes virus types 6 and 7 are the most commonly associated causative agents of the disease.
 


Pitiriasis Rosada Purpurica

 
 
- NOT ALL family members or people in contact with those affected SHOW THE DISEASE. This could be explained by the degree of immunological protection that PEOPLE have AGAINST THESE HERPES VIRUSES.

- THERE ARE ALSO PEOPLE WHO NEVER GET THE DISEASE, further proof of the immunological protection they possess genetically.

6.) EVOLUTION:


PITYRIASIS ROSEA can last up to 90 days in some cases after the appearance of the herald patch, with or without treatment, and in some cases it disappears on its own. However, it is recommended to see a dermatologist for appropriate treatment.

- The disease DOES NOT LEAVE ANY SEQUELAE.

- SEVERE cases require TREATMENT and REST at home.

7.) TREATMENT:


The treatment options for this disease are:

1.) Symptomatic treatment: antihistamines for pruritus or itching.

2.) Topical corticosteroids.

3.) Moisturizers.

4.) Antivirals. ACYCLOVIR and VALACYCLOVIR have proven successful in many cases (due to their viral etiology).

5.) Antibiotics: ERYTHROMYCIN, CEFADROXIL, and CEPHALOSPORINS have also been used successfully in some cases.

8.) SUMMARY:


Classic 
PITYRIASIS ROSEA presents almost identically in all patients, with an eruptive rash following an incubation period marked by the heraldic patch.

Cases of mucosal lesions (in the mouth) have been described, and more than 98% of cases result in permanent immunity.

Initially considered to be of unknown cause, its INFECTIOUS ETIOLOGY (primarily viral) was confirmed in the 1990s. 
 
 
 Pitiriasis Rosada clasica en espalda
 
 
 
Based on the FACTS of 1.) VIRAL ETIOLOGY (like classic eruptive diseases), and 2.) that most cases confer DEFINITIVE IMMUNITY, it could be said that it behaves like a CLASSIC ERUPTICAL DISEASE.

Based on this, the possibility has arisen of considering it as THE SIXTH DISEASE, within the group of eruptive diseases: 
 
 
Pitiriasis rosada, muslos y piernas. 
 
 
1.) MEASLES: Morbillivirus (RNA virus)
2.) CHICKENPOX: Varicella-zoster virus
3.) RUBELLA: Rubivirus
4.) ROSEOLA INFANTILE: Human Herpesvirus 6 and 7
5.) FIFTH DISEASE (ERYTHEMA INFECTIOSUM): Parbovirus B19
6.) PITYRIASIS ROSEA: Human Herpesvirus 6 and 7
 
 
Pitiriasis Rosada de Gibert, parche Heraldico 
 
 
NOTE: After the Sars-Cov 2 virus (COVID 19) pandemic, cases of outbreaks of PITYRIASIS ROSEA have been described following vaccinations.

In this link you will find the first publication I made about PITYRIASIS ROSEA, LOOKING FOR A CAUSAL AGENT, where it was not yet known for certain that HERPES VIRUS 6 and 7 were the agents most involved in this pathology.
 
In the references the facts.

Greetings !!!

Dr José Lapenta
Dr. Jose M Lapenta



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REFERENCIAS BIBLIOGRÁFICAS/ BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REFERENCES
===========================================================
A.- Beyond the Herald Patch: Exploring the Complex Landscape of Pityriasis Rosea (2025). 
=========================================================== 
1.) Papular pityriasis rosea.
2.) Human herpes virus-like particles in pityriasis rosea lesions: an electron microscopy study.
3.) Human herpesviruses 6 and 7.
4.) Human herpesvirus 7 in dermatology: what role does it play?
5.) [Myerson nevus as a primary patch of Gibert pityriasis rosea. A case report]
6.) Rash orientation in pityriasis rosea: a qualitative study.
7.) Skin diseases associated with human herpesvirus 6, 7, and 8 infection.
8.) Collarette scaling in pityriasis rosea demonstrated by digital epiluminescence dermatoscopy.
9.) [Etiopathogenic importance of human herpes viruses type 6, 7 and 8 in manifestations of certain skin diseases]
10.) Prospective case-control study of chlamydia, legionella and mycoplasma infections in patients with pityriasis rosea.
11.) Pityriasis rosea is associated with systemic active infection with both human herpesvirus-7 and human herpesvirus-6.
12.) Detection of human herpesvirus 7 in pityriasis rosea by nested PCR.
13.) An epidemiological study of pityriasis rosea in the Eastern Anatolia.
14.) Human herpesvirus 7 in patients with pityriasis rosea. Electron microscopy investigations and polymerase chain reaction in mononuclear cells, plasma and skin.
15.) A pityriasis rosea-like eruption secondary to bacillus Calmette-Guerin therapy for bladder cancer.
16.) UVB phototherapy for pityriasis rosea: a bilateral comparison study.
17.) Pityriasis rosea Gibert: detection of Legionella micdadei antibodies in patients.
18.) Pityriasis rosea-like eruption after bone marrow transplantation.
19.) Tongue and cheek: oral lesions in pityriasis rosea.
20.) Pityriasis rosea and discoid eczema: dose related reactions to treatment with gold.
21.) [Pityriasis rosea-like skin eruptions caused by captopril]
22.) Recurrent pityriasis rosea. New episodes every year for five years. A case report.
23.) Pityriasis rosea-like eruption associated with BCG vaccination.
24.) [Vesicular pityriasis rosea]
25.) [Benign familial chronic pemphigus and pityriasis rosea. Clinical aspects and histology of the coexistence of both dermatoses]
26.) Human herpesvirus 6 and 7 DNA in peripheral blood leucocytes and plasma in patients with pityriasis rosea by polymerase chain reaction: a prospective case control study.
27.) The human herpesviruses and pityriasis rosea: curious covert companions?
28.) Pityriasis rosea is not associated with human herpesvirus 7.
29.) Association of pityriasis rosea with human herpesvirus-6 and human herpesvirus-7 in Taipei.
30.) Epidemiological study of human herpesvirus-6 and human herpesvirus-7 in pityriasis rosea.
31.) Lack of evidence of active human herpesvirus 7 (HHV-7) infection in three cases of pityriasis rosea in children.
32.) Pityriasis rosea associated with herpesvirus 7 DNA.
33.)Pityriasis rosea: one virus, two viruses, more viruses?
34.) Reactivation of human herpesvirus 6 in pityriasis rosea.
35.) Absence of picornavirus genome in pityriasis rosea.
36.) Human herpesvirus 7 in pityriasis rosea.
37.) Detection of human herpesvirus 7 in patients with pityriasis rosea and healthy individuals.
38.) The association of pityriasis rosea with cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus and parvovirus B19 infections - A prospective case control study by polymerase chain reaction and serology.
39.) Pityriasis rosea associated with imatinib (STI571, Gleevec).
40.) Erythromycin in pityriasis rosea: A double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial.
41.) A Remarkable Result of a Double-Masked, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Erythromycin in the Treatment of Pityriasis Rosea.
42.) Case Clustering in Pityriasis Rosea
A Multicenter Epidemiologic Study in Primary Care Settings in Hong Kong
43.) Pityriasis rosea--a virus-induced skin disease? An update.
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HERPES VIRUS 6, 7 AND 8 … MORE
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44.) Association between human herpesvirus type 6 and type 7, and cytomegalovirus disease in heart transplant recipients.
45.) Invasion by human herpesvirus 6 and human herpesvirus 7 of the central nervous system in patients with neurological signs and symptoms.
46.) Association of human herpesvirus 6 and human herpesvirus 7 with demyelinating diseases of the nervous system.
47.) [Detection of human herpesvirus type 6, human herpesvirus type 7, cytomegalovirus and human papillomavirus in cutaneous AIDS-associated Kaposi's sarcoma]
48.) Influenza encephalopathy associated with infection with human herpesvirus 6 and/or human herpesvirus 7.
49.) Human herpesvirus 6 and human herpesvirus 7 infections in renal transplant recipients and healthy adults in Turkey.
50.) Detection of human herpesvirus-6 DNA in peripheral blood and saliva.
51.) Human herpesvirus-6 and human herpesvirus-7 in the bone marrow from healthy subjects.
52.) Lymphomatoid papulosis and human herpesviruses--A PCR-based evaluation for the presence of human herpesvirus 6, 7 and 8 related herpesviruses.
53.) Presence of human herpesvirus 6 variants A and B in saliva and peripheral blood mononuclear cells of healthy adults.
54.) Detection of human herpesvirus 6 DNAs in samples from several body sites of patients with exanthem subitum and their mothers by polymerase chain reaction assay.
55.) Human herpesvirus-6 and human herpesvirus-7 infections in bone marrow transplant recipients.
56.) High prevalence of HHV-6 DNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of healthy individuals detected by nested-PCR.
57.) Clinical features and viral excretion in an infant with primary human herpesvirus 7 infection.

58.) Gestational Pityriasis Rosea: Suggestions for Approaching Affected Pregnant Women.
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