LA PITIRIASIS ROSADA Y EL HERPES VIRUS HUMANO, ACTUALIZACIÓN.
THE PITYRIASIS ROSEA AN THE HUMAN HERPES VIRUS, UPDATE.
EDITORIAL ESPAÑOL
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Hola amigos de la red, DERMAGIC de nuevo con ustedes con el tema:
PITIRIASIS ROSADA ACTUALIZACIÓN.
1.) HISTORIA:
La pitiriasis Rosada es una de esas enfermedades ancestrales, descrita por Primera vez por el medico Frances Camille Melchior GIBERT, en 1860.
3.) CARACTERÍSTICAS CLÍNICAS:
En este enlace encontraras la primera publicación que hice sobre la PTIRIASIS ROSADA, BUSCANDO UN AGENTE CAUSAL, donde todavía no se sabia con certeza que los HERPES VIRUS 6 y 7, eran los agentes mas involucrados en esta patología.
En las referencias los hechos
Saludos !!!
Dr
José Lapenta R.
Dr. José M. Lapenta.
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1.) HISTORY:
Pityriasis rosea is one of those ancient diseases, first described by the French physician Camille Melchior Gibert in 1860.
- OTHER AUTHORS DESCRIBED IT WITH OTHER NAMES, namely:
- Erythema Annulatum (Rayer).
- Maculosa and Squamous Herpes Tonsurans (Hebra).
- Serpiginous Lichen Annulatum (Wilson).
- Circinate Pityriasis (Honrad).
- Disseminated Pityriasis (Hardy).
- Pityriasis marginata and circinata (Vidal).
- Pityriasis rubra aigu disseminee (Bazin).
- Pseudo-erythematous-desquamative exanthem (Besnier).
- Roseola annulata (Wilan).
- Roseola furfuracea herpetiforme (Beherend).
- Roseola squamosa (Nicolas and Chapard).
But definitively, the first to describe it was Camille Gibert in 1860.
2.) ETIOLOGY:
Today, more than 160 years have passed since the time that immortalized Gibert, and the probable causative agents of the disease are debated, including bacteria and viruses of the herpes family, with herpes viruses 6 and 7 being the most associated with the disease.
- LEGIONELLA MICMADEI, (pneumophila) a gram-negative rod-shaped bacterium, has been found in some cases of pityriasis rosea, but it is not considered a confirmed causative agent.
- Antibodies against EPSTEIN BARR VIRUS (EBV) have also been found, and in some cases, MYCOPLASMA PNEUMONIAE, PICORNAVIRUS type virus (common cold), and CYTOMEGALOVIRUS have been found; these are also not considered causative agents of this condition.
- Finally, cases of rashes similar to PITYRIASIS ROSEA have been described, caused by medications, including: barbiturates, metronidazole, allopurinol, diuretics (hydrochlorothiazide), and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, i.e., antihypertensives: captopril, enalapril, lisinopril, ramipril, perindopril, quinapril, benazepril, fosinopril, trandolapril, and moexipril. These rashes are known as PITYRIASIS ROSEA-LIKE rashes.
3.) CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS:
- PITYRIASIS ROSEA has a distinctly SEASONAL pattern, with most cases occurring during a specific time of year (autumn and winter).
- It is more common in women than men, in a ratio of 2:1, and also occurs in children and adolescents.
- Although it classically does not produce lesions on the face, palms, and soles, I have seen such manifestations, and they are described in the literature.
- These are generally oval, erythematous plaques with a central scaling pattern described as "cigarette paper."
- The disease can be self-limiting (few lesions) or present as a generalized dermatosis, sparing only the palms, soles, and face (see photos).
4.) CLASSIFICATION:
For many years, only one presentation was considered, the most common being the plaque form. However, other variants were later described, so today it is classified as follows:
A.) TYPICAL FORM: the most common form, as described above, which consists of plaques with the classic "Christmas tree" distribution and herald patch.
B.) ATYPICAL FORMS: VESICULAR, PAPULAR and PURPURIC (hemorrhagic) variants of the same condition have been described. Vesicular and papular forms are more frequent in children, while purpuric forms are the rarest (adolescents and young adults).
5.) EVOLUTION:
An interesting fact about GIBERT PITYRIASIS ROSEA is that in most cases the disease DOES NOT RECURR, although in some cases a second outbreak, identical to the first, may appear years later; cases of three outbreaks in short periods of years have even been described.
This clarification is made because early descriptions of the disease stated that it conferred total immunity, a claim that was later proven false.
- If we accept the recent assertion that pityriasis rosea is associated with HERPES VIRUS TYPES 6 and 7.
- And that seasonal changes (autumn, winter) activate the virulence of these viruses, causing the disease, while with the return of summer, the viruses become less active and the percentage of cases decreases.
- Another interesting fact to consider is that PITYRIASIS ROSEA IS NOT CONTAGIOUS is not contagious, even though herpes virus types 6 and 7 are the most commonly associated causative agents of the disease.
- THERE ARE ALSO PEOPLE WHO NEVER GET THE DISEASE, further proof of the immunological protection they possess genetically.
6.) EVOLUTION:
- PITYRIASIS ROSEA can last up to 90 days in some cases after the appearance of the herald patch, with or without treatment, and in some cases it disappears on its own. However, it is recommended to see a dermatologist for appropriate treatment.
- The disease DOES NOT LEAVE ANY SEQUELAE.
- SEVERE cases require TREATMENT and REST at home.
7.) TREATMENT:
The treatment options for this disease are:
1.) Symptomatic treatment: antihistamines for pruritus or itching.
2.) Topical corticosteroids.
3.) Moisturizers.
4.) Antivirals. ACYCLOVIR and VALACYCLOVIR have proven successful in many cases (due to their viral etiology).
5.) Antibiotics: ERYTHROMYCIN, CEFADROXIL, and CEPHALOSPORINS have also been used successfully in some cases.
8.) SUMMARY:
Classic PITYRIASIS ROSEA presents almost identically in all patients, with an eruptive rash following an incubation period marked by the heraldic patch.
Cases of mucosal lesions (in the mouth) have been described, and more than 98% of cases result in permanent immunity.
Initially considered to be of unknown cause, its INFECTIOUS ETIOLOGY (primarily viral) was confirmed in the 1990s.
Based on this, the possibility has arisen of considering it as THE SIXTH DISEASE, within the group of eruptive diseases:
2.) CHICKENPOX: Varicella-zoster virus
3.) RUBELLA: Rubivirus
4.) ROSEOLA INFANTILE: Human Herpesvirus 6 and 7
5.) FIFTH DISEASE (ERYTHEMA INFECTIOSUM): Parbovirus B19
6.) PITYRIASIS ROSEA: Human Herpesvirus 6 and 7
Greetings !!!
Dr José Lapenta
Dr. Jose M Lapenta
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REFERENCIAS BIBLIOGRÁFICAS/ BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REFERENCES
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A.- Beyond the Herald Patch: Exploring the Complex Landscape of Pityriasis Rosea (2025).
2.) Human herpes virus-like particles in pityriasis rosea lesions: an electron microscopy study.
3.) Human herpesviruses 6 and 7.
4.) Human herpesvirus 7 in dermatology: what role does it play?
5.) [Myerson nevus as a primary patch of Gibert pityriasis rosea. A case report]
6.) Rash orientation in pityriasis rosea: a qualitative study.
7.) Skin diseases associated with human herpesvirus 6, 7, and 8 infection.
8.) Collarette scaling in pityriasis rosea demonstrated by digital epiluminescence dermatoscopy.
9.) [Etiopathogenic importance of human herpes viruses type 6, 7 and 8 in manifestations of certain skin diseases]
10.) Prospective case-control study of chlamydia, legionella and mycoplasma infections in patients with pityriasis rosea.
11.) Pityriasis rosea is associated with systemic active infection with both human herpesvirus-7 and human herpesvirus-6.
12.) Detection of human herpesvirus 7 in pityriasis rosea by nested PCR.
13.) An epidemiological study of pityriasis rosea in the Eastern Anatolia.
14.) Human herpesvirus 7 in patients with pityriasis rosea. Electron microscopy investigations and polymerase chain reaction in mononuclear cells, plasma and skin.
15.) A pityriasis rosea-like eruption secondary to bacillus Calmette-Guerin therapy for bladder cancer.
16.) UVB phototherapy for pityriasis rosea: a bilateral comparison study.
17.) Pityriasis rosea Gibert: detection of Legionella micdadei antibodies in patients.
18.) Pityriasis rosea-like eruption after bone marrow transplantation.
19.) Tongue and cheek: oral lesions in pityriasis rosea.
20.) Pityriasis rosea and discoid eczema: dose related reactions to treatment with gold.
21.) [Pityriasis rosea-like skin eruptions caused by captopril]
22.) Recurrent pityriasis rosea. New episodes every year for five years. A case report.
23.) Pityriasis rosea-like eruption associated with BCG vaccination.
24.) [Vesicular pityriasis rosea]
25.) [Benign familial chronic pemphigus and pityriasis rosea. Clinical aspects and histology of the coexistence of both dermatoses]
26.) Human herpesvirus 6 and 7 DNA in peripheral blood leucocytes and plasma in patients with pityriasis rosea by polymerase chain reaction: a prospective case control study.
27.) The human herpesviruses and pityriasis rosea: curious covert companions?
28.) Pityriasis rosea is not associated with human herpesvirus 7.
29.) Association of pityriasis rosea with human herpesvirus-6 and human herpesvirus-7 in Taipei.
30.) Epidemiological study of human herpesvirus-6 and human herpesvirus-7 in pityriasis rosea.
31.) Lack of evidence of active human herpesvirus 7 (HHV-7) infection in three cases of pityriasis rosea in children.
32.) Pityriasis rosea associated with herpesvirus 7 DNA.
33.)Pityriasis rosea: one virus, two viruses, more viruses?
34.) Reactivation of human herpesvirus 6 in pityriasis rosea.
35.) Absence of picornavirus genome in pityriasis rosea.
36.) Human herpesvirus 7 in pityriasis rosea.
37.) Detection of human herpesvirus 7 in patients with pityriasis rosea and healthy individuals.
38.) The association of pityriasis rosea with cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus and parvovirus B19 infections - A prospective case control study by polymerase chain reaction and serology.
39.) Pityriasis rosea associated with imatinib (STI571, Gleevec).
40.) Erythromycin in pityriasis rosea: A double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial.
41.) A Remarkable Result of a Double-Masked, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Erythromycin in the Treatment of Pityriasis Rosea.
42.) Case Clustering in Pityriasis Rosea
A Multicenter Epidemiologic Study in Primary Care Settings in Hong Kong
43.) Pityriasis rosea--a virus-induced skin disease? An update.
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HERPES VIRUS 6, 7 AND 8 … MORE
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44.) Association between human herpesvirus type 6 and type 7, and cytomegalovirus disease in heart transplant recipients.
45.) Invasion by human herpesvirus 6 and human herpesvirus 7 of the central nervous system in patients with neurological signs and symptoms.
46.) Association of human herpesvirus 6 and human herpesvirus 7 with demyelinating diseases of the nervous system.
47.) [Detection of human herpesvirus type 6, human herpesvirus type 7, cytomegalovirus and human papillomavirus in cutaneous AIDS-associated Kaposi's sarcoma]
48.) Influenza encephalopathy associated with infection with human herpesvirus 6 and/or human herpesvirus 7.
49.) Human herpesvirus 6 and human herpesvirus 7 infections in renal transplant recipients and healthy adults in Turkey.
50.) Detection of human herpesvirus-6 DNA in peripheral blood and saliva.
51.) Human herpesvirus-6 and human herpesvirus-7 in the bone marrow from healthy subjects.
52.) Lymphomatoid papulosis and human herpesviruses--A PCR-based evaluation for the presence of human herpesvirus 6, 7 and 8 related herpesviruses.
53.) Presence of human herpesvirus 6 variants A and B in saliva and peripheral blood mononuclear cells of healthy adults.
54.) Detection of human herpesvirus 6 DNAs in samples from several body sites of patients with exanthem subitum and their mothers by polymerase chain reaction assay.
55.) Human herpesvirus-6 and human herpesvirus-7 infections in bone marrow transplant recipients.
56.) High prevalence of HHV-6 DNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of healthy individuals detected by nested-PCR.
57.) Clinical features and viral excretion in an infant with primary human herpesvirus 7 infection.
58.) Gestational Pityriasis Rosea: Suggestions for Approaching Affected Pregnant Women.
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