LYME DISEASE, CLASSIFICATION AND CODES.
ENFERMEDAD DE LYME, CLASIFICACION Y CODIGOS.
EDITORIAL ENGLISH
=================
Hello friends of the network DERMAGIC brings you today another interesting topic about the very well known ERYTHEMA MIGRANS or LYME DISEASE, transmitted by the bite of a TICK, of the IXODES genus being the causal agent an ESPIROCHETE, well known as BORRELIA BURDORGFERI, described for the first time by WILLY BURGDORFER in the year 1.981, and previously known as LYME ARTHRITIS. Today I bring you THE CODES OF LYME'S DISEASE.
Currently worldwide LYME DISEASE has become a major public health problem, due to the annual increase in cases, which in the United States amounts to about 380,000, new cases annually, 2 times more than breast cancer and 6 times more than AIDS, and beyond this, the lack of modernization of the DISEASE CODES at the SOFTWARE or DIGITAL level, them do not appear currently and they need to be recognized so that patients to be and treated in time.
The events that I present below they are highly related to this lack of "CODIFICATION" of the LYME DISEASE and its different ways of manifesting itself clinically:
1.) DIFFICULTY TO MAKE THE DIAGNOSIS:
===========================================================================
It is well known that some TEST, to diagnose the disease, result in "NEGATIVE" due to the ability of the causative agent, the spirochaete BORRELIA to "hide (BIOFILM) before the diagnostic tests." Many patients with symptoms of different diseases such as MENINGITIS , ARTHRITIS, and RECURRENT FEVER, in late stages it is discovered that they are LYME "POSITIVE" after having multiple tests for the diagnosis, losing a VALUABLE TIME to initiate an adequate treatment, and the worse thing is that the chronic development of these symptoms, impar the quality of life of patients who are unattended because they do not have a SPECIFIC DIAGNOSIS.
2.) RESISTANCE TO CONVENTIONAL TREATMENT:
==============================================================================
Another aspect to consider is that BORRELIA and its species over time have developed a "GREAT RESISTANCE" to conventional therapy with the usual antibiotic treatments: MINOCYCLINE, DOXICYCLINE, AMOXICILLIN, CEFUROXIME, and many OTHERS, leading patients to the despair at the occurrence of the codification of the symptoms. LYME DISEASE has FOUR STAGES CLASSICALLY known: INITIAL (I), SECONDARY (II), LATE (III) AND CHRONIC (IV).
3.) THE LACK OF MODERNIZATION OF THE CODES FOR THE LYME DISEASE:
==============================================================================
In this modern and GLOBALIZED world, digitalization and information technology have become essential elements and everything or almost everything HAS A CODE, even DISEASES at the software level, and in the case of LYME DISEASE these must be UPDATED, and this is done based on the EVIDENCE REPORTS, STUDIES AND PUBLICATIONS of the different manifestations of the disease.
Then you will be asking why the LYME DISEASE needs the update of its CODES? If you enter in the World Health Organization (WHO) and look for LYME DISEASE, you will only find TWO (2) mentions in the subject ZOONOSES, transmission by TICKS: LYME DISEASE and RECURRENT FEVER (BORRELIOSIS), and the latest relevant reports in terms of studies of the disease by WHO date from the years 1,993 and 1,995:
1.) WHO Workshop on Diagnosis and Surveillance of Lyme Borreliosis. Warsaw, Poland, 20-22 June 1995, Ref.: WHO / CDS / VPH / 95.141:
The countries involved were: Austria, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Denmark, Yugoslavia, France, Hungary, Ireland, Japan, Holland, Poland, Russia, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom and the United States.
2.) Report of a WHO Workshop on Lyme Borreliosis. Piestany, Slovak Republic, 6 October 1993, Ref: WHO / CDS / VPH / 93.132:
The countries involved: Germany, Slovakia and the United States. If you read those reports you will notice that they are TOTALLY OUT OF DATE regarding the REALITY of LYME DISEASE today.
And I will always give you the answer.
I will place here more than 270 BIBLIOGRAPHY REFERENCES classified based on the different manifestations of LYME DISEASE or LYME BORRELIOSIS that are sufficient to RECOGNIZE that beyond "LYME DISEASE" AND "RECURRENT FEVER (BORRELIOSIS) there are other manifestations of the BORRELIOSIS that should be CODIFIED, DIGITALIZED, to give a total coverage to the DISEASE and search of its clinical manifestations.
This "ABSENCE" of CODES causes that many patients carrying LYME are not treated ADEQUATELY, because they DO NOT "APPEAR IN THE SYSTEM" with their respective consequences.
Here I ask the INNOCENT question, what happens is "UNKNOWN" or "INTENTIONED"? because to recognize all these IMPLIED CODES means more public spending by the State and the insurance companies.
1.) CONGENITAL LYME DISEASE: Potential infection of the fetus with possibility of death:
- LYME BORRELIOSIS IN PREGNANT WOMEN.
- ERLICHIOSIS AND BORRELIOSIS IN PREGNANT WOMEN.
- THE INFECTIOUS ORIGINS OF STILLBIRTH.
- INTRAUTERINE TRANSMISSION OF BORRELIA BURGDORFERI IN DOGS.
2.) LYME DISEASE: PRIMARY INFECTION:
- NEWBORN DEAD WOMAN PREGNANT WITH LYME DISEASE.
- LYME BBORRELIOSIS, IMPLICATION FOR THE FETUS.
- FETAL BORRELIOSIS, TEXEMIA OF PREGNANCY AND FETAL DEATH.
- ERITEMA MIGRANS IN PREGNANCY.
- FETAL MATERNAL TRANSMISSION OF LYME DISEASE.
- BORRELIA BURDOGFERI IN NEWBORN.
A.) PRIMARY INFECTION AND ERYTHEMA MIGRANS.
- PRIMARY AND SECONDARY ERYTHEMA MIGRANS.
B.) PRIMARY SERONEGATIVE INFECTION.
- NEGATIVE ANTIGENS AGAINST BORRELIA BURGDORFERI IN CEREBOSPINAL FLUID IN NEUROLOGIC LYME DISEASE.
- SERONEGATIVE LYME DISEASE.
- SERONEGATIVE CHRONIC RELAPSING NEUROBORRELIOSIS.
3.) LYME DISEASE, PERSISTENT INFECTION IN SECONDARY AND LATE STAGE
- PERSISTENT INFECTION WITH ANTIBIOTICS DOXYCYLINE AND AMOXICILLIN.
- ISOLATION OF BORRELIA BURGDORFERI FROM OCULAR IRIS.
- SURVIVAL OF BORRELIA BURGDORFERI AFTER THERAPY WITH ANTIBIOTIC.
4.) LYME DISEASE, PERSISTENT INFECTION IN SECONDARY AND LATE STAGE:
A.) CUTANEOUS MANIFESTATIONS:
- BORRELIAL LYMPHOCYTOMA (BL).
- ACRODERMATITIS ATROPHICANS.
- ANNULARE GRANULOMA.
- MORPHEA.
- LOCALIZED SCLERODERMA.
- LICHEN SCLEROSUS AND ATROPHICUS.
B.) OTHER CUTANEOUS MANIFESTATIONS:
- BENIGN LYMPHOCYTIC INFILTRATION OF JESSNER KANOF.
- INFANTILE ACRODERMATITIS OF GIANOTTI-CROSTI.
- ATYPICAL ERYTHEMA MULTIFORME.
- URTICARIAL VASCULITIS.
5.) LYME DISEASE OF SKIN AND MUCOUS MEMBRANES:
- ASSOCIATION OF LYME DISEASE WITH MORGELLONS DISEASE.
- DIFUSSE ALOPECIA.
- SCLERODERMA IN CUP DE SABRE.
- PSEUDOPELADE OF BROCQ.
6.) LYME DISEASE AND OTHER LESIONS:
- ANETODERMA.
- PRIMARY AND SECONDARY ERYTHEMA MIGRANS IN CHILDREN.
7.) LYME DISEASE LATE STAGE: MENINGITIS, OCULOPATHY, IRIDOCYCLITIS, IRITIS,UVEITIS.
A.) LYME MENINGITIS.
B.) LYME OCULOPATHY.
C.) LYME IRIDOCYCLITIS, IRITIS AND UVEITIS.
8.) LYME DISEASE SECONDARY AND LATE STAGE: NEPHRITIS, HEPATITIS, LYMPHADENOPATHY, MYOSITIS AND OTHER.
A.) LYME NEPHRITIS.
B.) LYME HEPATITIS.
C.) LYME LYMPHADENOPATHY.
D.) LYME MYOSITIS.
E.) OTHER CONDITIONS:
- PERPLEXING SYMPTOMS.
- PANCYTOPENIA.
- EYE SYMPTOMS.
9.) .) LYME DISEASE LATE STAGE AND CARDIOVASCULARY DISEASE.
A.) AORTIC ANEURYSM.
B.) ANEURYSM OF CORONARY ARTERIES.
C.) LATE ENDOCARDITIS.
D.) CARDITIS.
E.) ATRIOVENTRICULAR BLOCK.
10.) LYME DISEASE LATE STAGE, NEURO-BORRELIOSIS, NEURITIS OR NEUROPATHY, MENINGOVASCULAR, NB WITH CEREBRAL INFARCTS, LYME PARKINSONISM, LYME ENCEPHALITIS.
A.) NEUROBORRELIOSIS (NB) LATE SYMPTOMS.
B.) NEURITIS OR LATE NEUROPATHY.
C.) NEUROBORRELIOSIS (NB) MENINGOVASCULAR WITH CEREBRAL INFARCTS.
D.) INTRACRANEAL ANEURYSM.
E.) PARKINSONISM.
F.) LATE ENCEPHALITIS.
G.) STROKE DUE TO NEUROBORRELIOSIS.
H.) NEUROBORRELIOSIS (NB) UNSPECIFIC SYMPTOMS:
- LATE LYME DISEASE (NEUROBORRELIOSIS: COMPARISON AND EVIDENCE OF THE SPIROCHETES AND LATE NEUROSYPHILIS.
- EVIDENCE BETWEEN THE INFECTION OF SPIROCHETES AND ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE.
11.) LYME DISEASE: NEUROBORRELIOSIS, LATE LYME MENINGOENCEPHALITIS OR MENINGOMYELOENCEPHALITIS.
12.) LYME DISEASE LATE STAGE: ATROPHIC FORM OF MENINGOENCEPHALITIS WITH DEMENTIA, SUBACUTE PRESENILE DEMENTIA AND NEUROPSYCHIATRIC MANIFESTATIONS.
13.) LYME DISEASE: LATE STAGE: BONE, JOINT AND MUSCULOSKELETAL MANIFESTATIONS
14.) LYME DISEASE, LATE STAGE: OCULOPATHY, LIVER, KIDNEY AND RESPIRATORY MANIFESTATIONS.
A.) OCULOPATHY.
B.) LIVER AND OTHER VISCERAS.
C.) KIDNEY AND URETER.
D.) BRONCHIA AND LUNGS.
15.) LYME DISEASE, LATENT STAGE, UNESPICIFIED
A.) INFECTION OF THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.
B.) SIMPLE HERPES TYPE 1.
C.) DISEASES BY SPIROCHETES OF THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.
This CLASSIFICATION that you have just read is a summary of the 280 BIBLIOGRAPHIC REFRENCES that I describe below which you can find in the best scientific DATABASES such as PUBMED, MEDSCAPE, LILACS etc, if you have some doubt COPY and PASTE of any of them, put it in your browser and you will get the EXACT information on the mentioned DATABASES.
As you can see, there are enough EVIDENCES, to UPDATE the CODES OF LYME DISEASE in all the DATABASES systems of the PLANET, to give a TOTAL coverage to the diagnosis and treatment of this disease that in my particular way of seeing is becoming the NEW PLAGUE OF THE 21ST CENTURY.
Read here the second chapter of:
But this does not end here, suddenly you think that some details are missing, some or several questions, which I will explain in the
NEXT EDITION: LYME'S DISEASE, SYPHILIS AND LEPROSY, THE MISSING LINK.
DO NOT MISS IT !!!
In the references the facts ...
Greetings to all
Dr. José Lapenta
=================
Hola amigos de la red DERMAGIC te trae hoy otro tema interesante sobre la muy bien conocida ERITEMA MIGRANS o ENFERMEDAD DE LYME, transmitida por la picadura de una GARRAPATA, del genero IXODES siendo el agente causal una ESPIROQUETA, bien conocida como BORRELIA BURDORGFERI, descrita por primera vez por WILLY BURGDORFER en el año 1.981, y previamente conocida como ARTRITIS DE LYME. Hoy te traigo LOS CODIGOS DE LA ENFERMEDAD DE LYME.
Actualmente a nivel mundial la ENFERMEDAD DE LYME se ha convertido en un gran problema de salud pública, debido al aumento anual de los casos, que en los Estados unidos asciende a unos 380.000, casos nuevos anuales, 2 veces más que el cáncer de mama y 6 veces más que el SIDA, y mas allá de esto, la falta de modernización de los CODIGOS DE LA ENFERMEDAD a nivel de SOFTWARE o DIGITAL, Estos no aparecen actualmente y deben ser reconocidos para que los pacientes puedan ser tratadosr a tiempo.
Los eventos que presento a continuación están altamente relacionados con esta falta de "CODIFICACIÓN" de la ENFERMEDAD DE LYME y sus diferentes formas de manifestarse clínicamente:
1.) DIFICULTAD PARA HACER EL DIAGNOSTICO:
=======================================
Ya bien es conocido que algunos TEST, para diagnosticar la enfermedad dan como resultado "NEGATIVO" por la habilidad que tiene el agente causal, la espiroqueta BORRELIA de "esconderse (BIOFILM) ante las pruebas diagnosticas. Muchos pacientes con síntomas de diferentes enfermedades como MENINGITIS, ARTRITIS, y FIEBRE RECURRENTE, en etapas tardías se descubre que son LYME "POSITIVOS" luego de hacerse múltiples pruebas para el diagnostico, perdiéndose un TIEMPO VALIOSO para iniciar un tratamiento adecuado, y lo peor es que el desarrollo crónico de estos síntomas, daa la calidad de vida de los pacientes que son desasistidos por no tener UN DIAGNOSTICO ESPECIFICO.
2.) RESISTENCIA AL TRATAMIENTO CONVENCIONAL:
============================================
Otro de los aspectos a considerar es que la BORRELIA y sus especies con el tiempo han desarrollado una "GRAN RESISTENCIA" a la terapia convencional con los consabidos tratamientos antibióticos: MINOCICLINA, DOXICICLINA, AMOXICILINA, CEFUROXIMA, y OTROS, llevando a los pacientes a la desesperación al producirse la cronificación de los síntomas. La ENFERMEDAD DE LYME tiene CUATRO ETAPAS CLASICAMENTE conocidas: INICIAL (I), SECUNDARIA (II), TARDIA (III) Y CRONICA (IV).
3.) LA FALTA DE MODERNIZACION DE LOS CODIGOS PARA LA ENFERMEDAD DE LYME:
=====================================================================
En este mundo moderno y GLOBALIZADO, la digitalización y la informática se han convertido en elementos esenciales y todo o casi todo TIENE UN CODIGO, aun las ENFERMEDADES a nivel de software, y en el caso de la ENFERMEDAD DE LYME estos deben ser ACTUALIZADOS, y esto se hace en base a las EVIDENCIAS REPORTES, ESTUDIOS Y PUBLICACIONES de las distintas manifestaciones de la enfermedad.
Entonces te estarás preguntando porque la ENFERMEDAD DE LYME necesita la actualización de sus CODIGOS? Si tú te metes en la Organización Mundial de La Salud (WHO) y buscas LA ENFERMEDAD DE LYME, solo encontraras DOS (2) menciones en el tema ZOONOSIS, transmisión por GARRAPATAS: LYME DISEASE y FIEBRE RECURRENTE (BORRELIOSIS), y los últimos reportes relevantes en cuanto a estudios de la enfermedad por la OMS datan de los años 1.993 y 1.995:
1.) WHO Workshop on Lyme Borreliosis Diagnosis and Surveillance. Warsaw, Poland, 20-22 June 1995, Ref: WHO/CDS/VPH/95.141:
Los países involucrados fueron: Austria, Bulgaria, Republica Checa, Dinamarca, Yugoslavia, Francia, Hungría, Irlanda, Japón< Holanda, Polonia, Rusia, Suecia, Suiza, Reino Unido y Estados Unidos.
2.) Report of a WHO Workshop on Lyme Borreliosis. Piestany, Slovak Republic, 6 October 1993, Ref: WHO/CDS/VPH/93.132:
Los países involucrados: Alemania, Eslovaquia y Estados Unidos. Si te lees esos reportes podrás notar que están TOTALMENTE DESACTUALIZADOS en cuanto a la REALIDAD de la ENFERMEDAD DE LYME hoy día.
Y yo como siempre te voy a dar la respuesta:
Te voy a colocar acá mas de 270 REFERENCIAS BIBLIOGRAFICAS clasificadas en base a las distintas manifestaciones de LA ENFERMEDAD DE LYME o LYME BORRELIOSIS que son suficientes para RECONOCER que mas allá de "ENFERMEDAD DE LYME" Y "FIEBRE RECURRENTE (BORRELIOSIS) hay otras manifestaciones de la BORRELIOSIS que deben ser CODIFICADAS, DIGITALIZADAS, para darle una total cobertura a la ENFERMEDAD y búsqueda de sus manifestaciones clínicas.
Esta "AUSENCIA" de CODIGOS provoca que muchos pacientes portadores de LYME no sean atendidos ADECUADAMENTE, pues NO "APARECEN EN EL SISTEMA" con sus respectivas consecuencias.
Aquí me hago la INOCENTE pregunta, esto que ocurre es "DESCONOCIMIENTO" o "INTENCIONADO"? porque reconocer todos estos CODIGOS IMPLICARIA más gasto publico por parte del Estado y de las compañías de seguros.
Aquí te pongo la CLASIFICACION y luego las referencias:
1.) ENFERMEDAD DE LYME CONGENITA: Potencial infección del Feto con posibilidad de Muerte:
- LYME BORRELIOSIS EN MUJER EMBARAZADA.
- ERLIQUIOSIS Y BORRELIOSIS EN MUJER EMBARAZADA.
- ORIGEN DE LAS INFECCIONES EN RECIEN NACIDOS MUERTOS.
- TRNASMISION INTRAUTERINA DE BORRELIA BURGDORFERI EN PERROS.
2.) ENFERMEDAD DE LYME: INFECCION PRIMARIA:
- RECIEN NACIDO MUERTO DE MUJER EMBARAZADA CON ENFERMEDAD DE LYME.
- LYME BBORRELIOSIS, IMPLICACION PARA EL FETO.
- BORRELIOSIS FETAL, TOXEMIA DEL EMBARAZO Y MUERTE FETAL.
- ERITEMA MIGRANS EN EL EMBARAZO.
- TRANSMISION MATERNO FETAL DE LA ENFERMEDAD DE LYME.
- BORRELIA BURDOGFERI EN RECION NACIDO.
A.) INFECCION PRIMARIA Y ERITEMA MIGRANS.
- ERITEMA MIGRANS PRIMARIO Y SECUNDARIO.
B.) INFECCION PRIMARIA SERONEGATIVA.
- ANTIGENOS NEGATIVOS CONTRA BORRELIA BURGDORFERI EN FLUIDO CEREBRO ESPINAL EN ENFERMEDAD DE LYME NEUROLOGICA.
- ENFERMEDAD DE LYME SERONEGATIVA.
- NEUROBORRELIOSIS RECURRENTE CRONICA SERONEGATIVA.
3.) ENFERMEDAD DE LYME: INFECCION PERSISTENTE EN LA ETAPA SECUNDARIA Y TARDIA:
- INFECCION PERSISTENTE A ANTIBIOTICOS DOXIXICLINA Y AMOXICILINA.
- AISLAMIENTO DE BORRELIA BURGDORFERI DE IRIS OCULAR.
- SOBREVIVENCIA DE BORRELIA BURGDORFERI LUEGO DE ANTIBIOTICOTERAPIA.
4.) ENFERMEDAD DE LYME: INFECCION SECUNDARIA Y TARDIA:
A.) MANIFESTACIONES CUTANEAS:
- LINFOCITOMA POR BORRELIA (BL).
- ACRODERMATITIS ATROFICA.
- GRANULOMA ANULAR.
- MORFEA.
- ESCLERODERMIA LOCALIZADA.
- LIQUEN ESCLEROSO Y ATROFICO.
B.) OTRAS MANIFESTACIONES CUTANEAS:
- INFILTRADO LINFOCITICO BENIGNO DE JESSNER KANOF.
- ACRODERMATITIS DE GIANOTTI CROSTI.
- ERITEMA MULTIFORME ATIPICO.
- VASCULITIS URTICARIANA.
5.) ENFERMEDAD DE LYME DE LA PIEL Y MEMBRANAS MUCOSAS:
- ASOCIACION DE LA ENFERMEDAD DE LYME CON LA ENFERMEDAD DE MORGELLON.
- ALOPECIA DIFUSA.
- ESCLERODERMIA EN GOLPE DE SABLE.
- PSEUDOPELADA DE BROCQ.
6.) ENFERMEDAD DE LYME: OTRAS LESIONES:
- ANETODERMA.
- ERITEMA MIGRANS PRIMARIO Y SECUNDARIO EN NIÑOS.
7.) ENFERMEDAD DE LYME SECUNDARIA Y TARDIA: MENINGITIS, OCULOPATIA, IRIDOCICLITIS , IRISTIS, UVEITIS.
A.) LYME MENINGITIS.
B.) LYME OCULOPATIA.
C.) LYME IRIDOCICLITIS, IRITIS Y UVEITIS.
8.) ENFERMEDAD DE LYME: NEFRITIS SECUNDARIA Y TARDIA, HEPATITIS, LINFADENOPATIA, MIOSITIS Y OTRAS.
A.) LYME NEFRITIS.
B.) LYME HEPATITIS.
C.) LYME LINFADENOPATIA.
D.) LYME MIOSITIS.
E.) OTRAS CONDICIONES:
- SINTOMAS PERPLEJOS.
- PANCITOPENIA.
- SINTOMAS OCULARES.
9.) ENFERMEDAD DE LYME TARDIA: MANIFESTACIONES CARDIOVASCULARES:
A.) ANEURISMA AORTICO.
B.) ANEURISMA DE ARTERIAS CORONARIAS.
C.) ENDOCARDITIS TARDIA.
D.) CARDITIS.
E.) BLOQUEO ATRIOVENTRICULAR.
10.) ENFERMEDAD DE LYME: NEUROBORRELIOSIS TARDIA (NB), NEURITIS O NEUROPATIA, NEUROBORRELIOSIS (NB) CON INFARTOS CEREBRALES, PARKINSONISMO Y ENCEFALITIS.
A.) NEUROBORRELIOSIS (NJB) TARDIA SINTOMATICA.
B.) NEURITIS O NEUROPATIA TARDIA.
C.) NEUROBORRELIOSIS (NB) MENINGOVASCULAR CON INFARTOS CEREBRALES.
D.) ANEURISMA INTRACRANEANO.
E.) PARKINSONISMO.
F.) ENCEFALITIS TARDIA.
G.) EMBOLIA POR NEUROBORRELIOSIS.
H.) NEUROBORRELIOSIS (NB) SINTOMAS INESPECIFICOS:
- ENFERMEDAD DE LYME TARDIA (NEUROBORRELIOSIS: COMPARACION Y EVIDENCIA DE LAS ESPIROQUETAS Y LA NEUROSIFILIS TARDIA.
- EVIDENCIAS ENTRE LA INFECCION POR ESPIROQUETAS Y LA ENFERMEDAD DE ALZHEIMER.
11.) ENFERMEDAD DE LYME TARDIA: NEUROBORRELIOSIS, MENINGOENCEFALITIS O MENINGOMIELOENCEFALITIS TARDIA.
12.) ENFERMEDAD DE LYME TARDIA: FORMA ATROFICA DE MENINGOENCEFALITIS CON DEMENCIA Y DEMENCIA SUBAGUDA PRESENIL Y MANIFESTACIONES NEUROSIQUIATRICAS.
13.) ENFERMEDAD DE LYME TARDIA: HUESOS, ARTICULACIONES Y MANIFESTACIONES MUSCULO ESQUELETICAS.
14.) ENFERMEDAD DE LYME TARDIA: OCULOPATIA, HIGADO, RIÑON Y MANIFESTACIONES RESPIRATORIAS.
A.) OCULOPATIA.
B.) HIGADO Y OTRAS VISCERAS.
C.) RIÑON Y URETER.
D.) BRONQUIOS Y PULMONES.
15.) ENFERMEDAD DE LYME LATENTE: SINTOMAS INESPECIFICOS.
A.) INFECCION DEL SISTEMA NERVIOSO CENTRAL.
B.) HERPES SIMPLE TIPO 1.
C.) ENFERMEDADES POR ESPIROQUETAS DEL SISTEMA NERVIOSO CENTRAL.
Esta CLASIFICACION que acabas de leer es un resumen de las 280 REFERENCIAS BIBLIOGRAFICAS que te describo abajo las cuales puedes encontrar en las mejores BASES DE DATOS cientificas como PUBMED, MEDSCAPE, LILACS etc, si tienes alguna duda has un COPIA y PEGA de cualquiera de ellas, la colocas en tu navegador y obtendrás la información EXACTA en las mencionadas BASES DE DATOS.
Como podrás ver, existen suficientes EVIDENCIAS, para ACTUALIZAR los CODIGOS DE LA ENFERMEDAD DE LYME en todos los sistemas INFORMATICOS DEL PLANETA, para darle una cobertura TOTAL al diagnostico y tratamiento de esta enfermedad que a mi modo particular de ver se está convirtiendo en la NUEVA PLAGA del SIGLO XXI.
Lee aqui el segundo Capitulo de:
Pero esto no termina aqui, de pronto piensas que faltan algunos detalles, algunas o varias interrogantes, las cuales te voy a explicar en la PROXIMA EDICION:
ENFERMEDAD DE LYME, SIFILIS Y LEPRA, EL ESLABON PERDIDO.
NO TE LA PIERDAS !!!
En las referencias los hechos...
Saludos a Todos.
Dr. jose Lapenta.
==============================================================================
EBIBLIGRAPHICAL REFERENCES / REFERENCIAS BIBLIOGRAFICAS
==============================================================================
1.) CONGENITAL LYME DISEASE / Borrelia burgdorferi can potentially infect the fetus and cause adverse fetal outcomes
==============================================================================
1.) Congenital infections and the nervous system. Pediatric Clinics of North America. 1992;39(4):669–690. doi:10.1016/s0031-3955(16)38370-5. [PubMed] Bale JF, Murph JR.
2.) [Human granulocytic ehrlichiosis co-incident with Lyme borreliosis in pregnant woman--a case study] [in Polish] Przegl Epidemiol. 2004;58(2):289–94. [PubMed] Brzostek T.
3.) Lyme disease. In: Remington JS, Klein JO, eds. Infectious Diseases of the Fetus and Newborn. 5th ed. Philadelphia: Saunders; 1995:447–528chap 11. Gardner T.
4.) Lyme disease. In: Remington JS, Klein JO. Infectious diseases of the fetus and newborn infant. 4th ed. Philadelphia: W B Saunders Co; December 13, 1994. Gardner T.
5.) The infectious origins of stillbirth. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2003;189(3):861–873. doi:10.1067/s0002-9378(03)00470-8. [PubMed] Goldenberg RL, Thompson C.
6.) Intrauterine transmission of Borrelia burgdorferi in dogs. American Journal of Veterinary Research. 1993;54(6):882–890. [PubMed Gustafson JM, Burgess EC, Wachal MD, Steinberg H.
7.) Stillbirth following maternal Lyme disease. N Y State J Med. 1987;11:615–616. [PubMed] MacDonald AB, Benach JL, Burgdorfer W.
8.) Gestational Lyme borreliosis. Implications for the fetus. Rheum Dis Clin North Am. 1989;15(4):657–677. [PubMed] MacDonald AB.
9.) Human fetal borreliosis, toxemia of pregnancy, and fetal death. Zentralblatt für Bakteriologie, Mikrobiologie und Hygiene. Series A: Medical Microbiology, Infectious Diseases, Virology, Parasitology. 1986;263(1-2):189–200. doi:10.1016/s0176-6724(86)80122-5. [PubMed] Macdonald AB.
10.) Erythema migrans in pregnancy. Wiener klinische Wochenschrift. 2000;111:933–40. [PubMed] Maraspin V, Cimperman J, Lotric-Furlan S, Pleterski-Rigler D, Strle F.
11.) Lyme disease during pregnancy. JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association. 1986;255(24):3394. doi:10.1001/jama.1986.03370240064038. PubMed Markowitz LE, Steere AC, Benach JL, Slade JD, Broome CV.
12.) Maternal-fetal transmission of the Lyme disease Spirochete, Borrelia burgdorferi. Annals of Internal Medicine. 1985;103(1):67. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-103-1-67. [PubMed]
Schlesinger PA, Duray PH, Burke BA, Steere AC, Stillman MT.
13.) Fetal outcome in Murine Lyme disease. Infection and Immunity. 1995;63(1):66–72. [PubMed] Silver RM, Yang L, Daynes RA, Branch WD, Salafia CM, Weis JJ.
14.) Lyme disease and pregnancy outcome: A prospective s of two thousand prenatal patients. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. 1993;169(2):367–374. doi:10.1016/0002-9378(93)90088-z. [PubMed] Strobino BA, Williams CL, Abid S, Ghalson R, Spierling P.
15.) Borrelia burgdorferi in a newborn despite oral penicillin for Lyme borreliosis during pregnancy. The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal. 1988;7(4):286–288. doi:10.1097/00006454-198804000-00010. [PubMed]
==============================================================================
2.) PRIMARY INFECTION ERYTHEMA MIGRANS
==============================================================================
16.) Clinical and epidemiological features of Lyme borreliosis in Bulgaria. Wien Klin Wochenschr. 2004;116(1-2):42-6. [PubMed] Christova I, Komitova R.
17.) Contributions to the treatment of dermatologic manifestations of Lyme borreliosis. Cutis. 1992 Jun;49(6):409-11. [PubMed] Hercogová J, Tománková M, Barták P.
18.) Study Group for Lyme Borreliosis. Disease expression of Lyme borreliosis in northeastern France. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2001;20(4):225-30. [PubMed] Lipsker D, Hansmann Y, Limbach F, Clerc C, Tranchant C, Grunenberger F, Caro-Sampara F, Attali P, Frey M, Kubina M, Piémont Y, Sibilia J, Jaulhac B; GEBLY Study Group.
19.) Primary and secondary erythema migrans in central Wisconsin. Arch Dermatol. 1993;129(6):709-16. [PubMed] Melski JW, Reed KD, Mitchell PD, Barth GD.
20.) Epidemiology and clinical similarities of human spirochetal diseases. Rev Infect Dis. 1989;11Suppl 6:S1460-9. Review type. [PubMed] Schmid GP.
==============================================================================
LYME DISEASE, PRIMARY INFECTION, SERONEGATIVE
==============================================================================
21.) Detection of Borrelia burgdorferi antigens in cerebrospinal fluid. Neurology 1993;43:1093-1097. [PubMed] Coyle PK, Deng Z, Schutzer SE, Belman AL, Benach J, Krupp LB, Luft B.
22.) Detection of Borrelia burgdorferi-specific antigen in antibody-negative cerebrospinal fluid in neurologic Lyme disease. Neurology. 1995;45(11):2010–2015. [PubMed]Coyle PK, Schutzer SE, Deng Z, et al.
23.) Seronegative Lyme Disease. Dissociation of T- and B-Lymphocyte Responses to Borrelia burgdorferi. N Engl J Med 1988;319:1441-6.
[PubMed]Dattwyler RJ, Volkman DJ, Luft BJ, Halperin JJ, Thomas J, Golightly MG.
24.) Tick inoculation in an eyelid region: report on five cases with one complication of the orbital myositis associated with Lyme borreliosis. Klin Oczna. 2006;108(4-6):220-4. [PubMed] Holak H1, Holak N, Huzarska M, Holak S.
25.) Diagnosis and clinical characteristics of ocular Lyme borreliosis. Am J Ophthalmol. 1995;119(2):127-35. [PubMed]Karma A, Seppälä I, Mikkilä H, Kaakkola S, Viljanen M, Tarkkanen A.
26.) Seronegative Chronic Relapsing Neuroborreliosis. Eur Neurol 1995;35:113-117. [PubMed] Lawrence C, Lipton RB, Lowy FD, Coyle PK.
==============================================================================
3.) LYME DISEASE, PERSISTENT INFECTION IN SECONDARY AND LATE STAGE
==============================================================================
27.) Identification of novel activity against Borrelia burgdorferi persisters using an FDA approved drug library. Emerg. Microbes Infect. 2014;3:e49. doi: 10.1038/emi.2014.53. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Cross Ref] Feng J., Wang T., Shi W., Zhang S., Sullivan D., Auwaerter P.G., Zhang Y.
28.) Borrelia burgdorferi detected by culture and PCR in clinical relapse of disseminated Lyme borreliosis. Ann. Med. 1999;31:225–232. doi: 10.3109/07853899909115982. [PubMed] [Cross Ref] Oksi J., Marjamaki M., Nikoskelainen J., Viljanen M.K.
29.) First Isolation of Borrelia burgdorferi from an Iris Biopsy. J Clin Neuro-ophthalmol 1993;13:155-161. [PubMed]
Preac-Mursic V, Weber K, Pfister HW, Wilske B, Gross B, Baumann A, Prokop J. Survival of Borrelia burgdorferi in Antibiotically Treated Patients with Lyme borreliosis. Infection 1989;17:355-359. [PubMed] Preac-Mursic V, Pfister HW, Spiegel H, Burk R, Wilske B, Reinhardt S, Bohmer R.
30.) Cultivation of Borrelia burgdorferi from joint fluid three months after treatment of facial palsy due to Lyme borreliosis. J. Infect. Dis. 1988;158:905–906. doi: 10.1093/infdis/158.4.905. [PubMed] [Cross Ref Schmidli J., Hunziker T., Moesli P., Schaad U.B.
==============================================================================
4.) LYME DISEASE, PERSISTENT INFECTION IN SECONDARY AND LATE STAGE, CUTANEOUS LESIONS, BORRELIAL LYMPHOCYTOMA
==============================================================================
31.) Borrelial Lymphocytoma in Children. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2015;34(12):1319-22. [PubMed] Arnež M, Ružic-Sabljic E.
32.) Borrelia burgdorferi-associated lymphocytoma cutis: clinicopathologic, immunophenotypic, and molecular study of 106 cases. J Cutan Pathol. 2004;31(3):232-40. [PubMed] Colli C, Leinweber B, Müllegger R, Chott A, Kerl H, Cerroni L.
33.) Clinical spectrum of skin manifestations of Lyme borreliosis in 204 children in Austria. Acta Derm Venereol. 2015;95(5):565-71. [PubMed] Glatz M, Resinger A, Semmelweis K, Ambros-Rudolph CM, Müllegger RR.
34.) B.Borrelia burgdorferi infection and cutaneous Lyme disease, Mexico. Emerg Infect Dis. 2007;13(10):1556-8. [PubMed] Gordillo-Pérez G, Torres J, Solórzano-Santos F, de Martino S, Lipsker D, Velázquez E, Ramon G, Onofre M, Jaulhac
35.) Therapy of Lyme borreliosis in children. Infection. 1996;24(2):170-3. [PubMed]MKrbkova L, Stanek G.
36.) Species of Borrelia burgdorferi complex that cause borrelial lymphocytoma in France. Br J Dermatol. 2009;161(1):174-6. [PubMed]
Lenormand C, Jaulhac B, De Martino S, Barthel C, Lipsker D.
37.) Solitary borrelial lymphocytoma in adult patients. Wien Klin Wochenschr. 2002;114(13-14):515-23. [PubMed] Maraspin V, Cimperman J, Lotric-Furlan S, Ruzic-Sabljic E, Jurca T, Picken RN, Strle F.
38.) Borrelial Lymphocytoma in Adult Patients. Clin Infect Dis. 2016;63(7):914-21. [PubMed] Maraspin V, Nahtigal Klevišar M, Ružic-Sabljic E, Lusa L, Strle F.
39.) Chemokine signatures in the skin disorders of Lyme borreliosis in Europe: predominance of CXCL9 and CXCL10 in erythema migrans and acrodermatitis and CXCL13 in lymphocytoma. Infect Immun. 2007;75(9):4621-8. [PubMed] Müllegger RR, Means TK, Shin JJ, Lee M, Jones KL, Glickstein LJ, Luster AD, Steere AC.
40.) Treatment of borrelial lymphocytoma. Infection. 1996;24(1):80-4. [PubMed] Strle F, Maraspin V, Pleterski-Rigler D, Lotric-Furlan S, Ruzic-Sabljic E, Jurca T, Cimperman J.
===============================================================
LYME DISEASE AND ACRODERMATITIS ATROPHICANS
===============================================================
41.) Cutaneous manifestations of Lyme borreliosis. Infection. 1991 Jul-Aug;19(4):284-6. [PubMed] Aberer E, Klade H.
42.) Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato strains isolated from cutaneous Lyme borreliosis biopsies differentiated by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Scand J Infect Dis. 1996;28(6):583-9. [PubMed] Busch U, Hizo-Teufel C, Böhmer R, Fingerle V, Rössler D, Wilske B, Preac-Mursic V.
43.) Further evidence for Borrelia burgdorferi infection in morphea and lichen sclerosus et atrophicus confirmed by DNA amplification. J Invest Dermatol. 1993;100(5):717-20. [PubMed] Schempp C, Bocklage H, Lange R, Kölmel HW, Orfanos CE, Gollnick H.
44.) Molecular subtyping of Borrelia burgdorferi in erythema migrans and acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans. J Invest Dermatol. 1994;103(1):19-22. [PubMed] Wienecke R1, Zöchling N, Neubert U, Schlüpen EM, Meurer M, Volkenandt M.
45.) Acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans--a spirochetosis. Clinical and histopathological picture based on 32 patients; course and relationship to erythema chronicum migrans Afzelius. Am J Dermatopathol. 1986;8(3):209-19. [PubMed] Asbrink E, Brehmer-Andersson E, Hovmark A.
================================================================
LYME DISEASE AND GRANULOMA ANNULARE, MORPHEA, LOCALIZED SCLERODERMA, LICHEN SCLEROSUS AND ATROPHICUS.
===============================================================
46.) Amplification of DNA of Borrelia burgdorferi in urine samples of patients with granuloma annulare and lichen sclerosus et atrophicus. 1999;135(2):210-2. [PubMed] Aberer E, Schmidt BL, Breier F, Kinaciyan T, Luger A.
47.)Localized scleroderma associated with Borrelia burgdorferi infection. Clinical, histologic, and immunohistochemical observations. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1993;29(2 Pt 1):190-6. [PubMed] Buechner SA, Winkelmann RK, Lautenschlager S, Gilli L, Rufli T.
48.) Morphoea: a manifestation of infection with Borrelia species? Br J Dermatol. 2007;157(6):1189-98. [PubMed] Eisendle K, Grabner T, Zelger B.
49.) Chronic borreliosis presenting with morphea- and lichen sclerosus et atrophicus-like cutaneous lesions. a case report. Dermatology. 2001;202(4):373-5. [PubMed] Kaya G, Berset M, Prins C, Chavaz P, Saurat JH.
50.) Diagnosis of Lyme disease based on dermatologic manifestations. Ann Intern Med. 1991;114(6):490-8. [PubMed] Malane MS, Grant-Kels JM, Feder HM Jr, Luger SW.
51.) Eruzione a tipo pitiriasi lichenoide con perifollicoliti in corso di borreliosi di Lyme. Eur J Pediat Dermatol. 1994;4:77–80. Menni S, Pistritto G, Gelmetti C, Stanta G, Trevisan G.
52.) Evidence for Borrelia burgdorferi in morphea and lichen sclerosus. Int J Dermatol. 2000;39(4):278-83. [PubMed] Ozkan S, Atabey N, Fetil E, Erkizan V, Günes AT.
53.) Further evidence for Borrelia burgdorferi infection in morphea and lichen sclerosus et atrophicus confirmed by DNA amplification. J Invest Dermatol. 1993;100(5):717-20. [PubMed] Schempp C, Bocklage H, Lange R, Kölmel HW, Orfanos CE, Gollnick H.
54.) Morphea Borrelia burgdorferi and localized scleroderma. Clin Dermatol. 1994;12(3):475-9. [ScienceDirect] Trevisan G, Rees DH, Stinco G.
55.) Lyme Borreliosis and Skin. Indian J Dermatol. 2013;58(3): 167–174. doi: 10.4103/0019-5154.110822 [PubMed] Vasudevan B, Chatterjee M.
56.) Extragenital lichen sclerosus with aetiological link to Borrelia. MJAFI. 2011;67:370–3. [PubMed] Vasudevan B, Sagar A, Bahal A, Mohanty AP.
57.) Is Localized Scleroderma Caused by Borrelia burgdorferi? Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis. 2016;16(9):577-80. [PubMed]Zinchuk AN, Kalyuzhna LD, Pasichna IA.
==================================================================
LYME DISEASE AND OTHER CUTANEOUS MANIFESTATIONS
=================================================================
58.) Benign lymphocytic infiltration (Jessner-Kanof): another manifestation of borreliosis? J Am Acad Dermatol. 1989;21(4 Pt 1):795-7. [PubMed] Abele DC, Anders KH, Chandler FW.
59.) Infantile acrodermatitis of Gianotti-Crosti and Lyme borreliosis. Acta Derm Venereol. 1996;76(3):242-3. [PubMed]Baldari U, Cattonar P, Nobile C, Celli B, Righini MG, Trevisan G.
60.) Polymerase chain reaction of Borrelia burgdorferi flagellin gene in Shulman syndrome. Dermatology. 1996;192(2):136-9. [PubMed] Hashimoto Y, Takahashi H, Matsuo S, Hirai K, Takemori N, Nakao M, Miyamoto K, Iizuka H.
61.) Atypical erythema multiforme occurring at the early phase of Lyme disease? Acta Derm Venereol. 2000;80(3):222. [PubMed] Lesire V, Machet L, Toledano C, de Muret A, Maillard H, Lorette G, Vaillant L.
62.) Urticarial vasculitis and Lyme disease. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1990;22(6 Pt 1):1114-6. [PubMed] Olson JC, Esterly NB.
=====================================================================
5..) LYME DISEASE OF SKIN AND MUCOUS MEMBRANES
=====================================================================
63.) Lyme borreliosis: aspects of tick-borne Borrelia burgdorferi infection from a dermatologic viewpoint. Semin Dermatol. 1990;9(4):277-91. [PubMed]Asbrink E, Hovmark A.
64.) Exploring the association between Morgellons disease and Lyme disease: identification of Borrelia burgdorferi in Morgellons disease patients. BMC Dermatol. 2015 Feb 12;15:1. [PubMed] Middelveen MJ, Bandoski C, Burke J, Sapi E, Filush KR, Wang Y, Franco A, Mayne P, Stricker RB.
65.) Lyme Borreliosis and Skin. Indian J Dermatol. 2013; 58(3):167–174. [PubMed] Vasudevan B, Chatterjee M.
=====================================================================
LYME DISEASE AND ALOPECIA
=====================================================================
66.) Diffuse reversible alopecia in patients with Lyme meningitis and tick-borne encephalitis. Wiener klinische Wochenschrift. 2000;111:976–7. [PubMed] Cimperman J, Maraspin V, Lotric-Furlan S, Ruzic-Sabljic E, Avsic-Zupanc T, Strle F.
67.) Lichen sclerosus et atrophicans, scleroderma en coup de sabre and Lyme borreliosis. Dermatol Reports. 2011;28;3(2):e27.
doi: 10.4081/dr.2011.e27. [PubMed] Gubertini N, Bonin S, Trevisan G.
68.) Lyme disease in central Europe. Curr Opin Infect Dis. 2001;14(2):133-7. [PubMed] Hercogová J, Brzonova I.
69.) [Pseudopelade Brocq--possible sequela of stage III borrelia infection?] [in German]. Der Hautarzt; Zeitschrift fur Dermatologie, Venerologie, und verwandte Gebiete. 1999;49(11):835–7. [PubMed] Schwarzenbach R, Djawari D.
=====================================================================
6.) LYME DISEASE AND OTHER LESIONS
=====================================================================
70.) Anetoderma: another facet of Lyme disease? J Am Acad Dermatol. 2003;48(5 Suppl):S86-8. [PubMed]Bauer J1, Leitz G, Palmedo G, Hügel H.
71.) Clinical spectrum of skin manifestations of Lyme borreliosis in 204 children in Austria. Acta Derm Venereol. 2015;95(5):565-71. [PubMed] Glatz M, Resinger A, Semmelweis K, Ambros-Rudolph CM, Müllegger RR.
72.) Primary and secondary erythema migrans in central Wisconsin. Arch Dermatol. 1993;129(6):709-16. [PubMed] Melski JW, Reed KD, Mitchell PD, Barth GD.
=====================================================================
7.) LYME DISEASE LATE STAGE: MENINGITIS, OCULOPATHY, IRIDOCYCLITIS, IRITIS,UVEITIS
=====================================================================
73.) Neurologic manifestations in children with Lyme disease. Pediatrics. 1995;96:1053-1056. [PubMed] Bingham PM, Galetta SL, Athreya B, Sladky J.
74.)Chronic and recurrent meningitis. Pract Neurol. 2008 Dec;8(6):348-61. Review doi: 10.1136/jnnp.2008.157396. [PubMed] Ginsberg L, Kidd D.
75.) Pachner AR. Early disseminated Lyme disease: Lyme meningitis. Am J Med. 1995 Apr 24;98(4A):30S-37S; discussion 37S-43S. [PubMed] Pachner AR.
76.) Clinical manifestations of Lyme disease. Zentralbl Bakteriol Mikrobiol Hyg A. 1986;263(1-2):201-5.[PubMed] Steere AC, Bartenhagen NH, Craft JE, Hutchinson GJ, Newman JH, Pachner AR, Rahn DW, Sigal LH, Taylor E, Malawista SE.
77.) Diagnosis and clinical characteristics of ocular Lyme borreliosis. Am J Ophthalmol. 1995;119(2):127-35. doi:10.1016/s0002-9394(14)73864-4. [PubMed] Karma A, Seppälä I, Mikkilä H, Kaakkola S, Viljanen M, Tarkkanen A.
78.) The expanding clinical spectrum of ocular lyme borreliosis. Ophthalmology 2000;107:581-587. [PubMed] Mikkilä HO, Seppala IJ, Viljanen MK, Peltomaa MP, Karma A.
79.) Ocular manifestations of tick-borne diseases. Surv Ophthalmol. 2016;61(6):726-744. Review. doi: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2016.03.011. [PubMed] Raja H, Starr MR, Bakri SJ.
80.) The eye and tick-borne disease in the United States. Curr Opin Ophthalmol. 2016;27(6):530-537. Review. DOI: 10.1097/ICU.0000000000000308 [PubMed] Sathiamoorthi S, Smith WM.
81.) Iritis and papillitis as a primary presentation of Lyme disease. Ann Ophthalmol. 1990;22(1):24-5. [PubMed] Boutros A, Rahn E, Nauheim R.
82.) [Ocular manifestations of Lyme borreliosis in northwest Croatia]. Lijec Vjesn. 2004;126(5-6):124-8. [Article in Croatian] [PubMed] Golubic D, Vinkovic T, Turk D, Hranilovic J, Slugan I.
83.) Ocular Lyme borreliosis. Am J Ophthalmol. 1989;15;108(6):651-7. [PubMed] Winward KE, Smith JL, Culbertson WW, Paris-Hamelin A.
=====================================================================
8.) LYME DISEASE SECONDARY AND LATE STAGE: NEPHRITIS, HEPATITIS, LYMPHADENOPATHY, MYOSITIS AND OTHER.
=====================================================================
84.) Lyme disease and glomerulonephritis. Ir Med J. 2017;92(5):372. [PubMed] Kelly B, Finnegan P, Cormican M, Callaghan J.
85.) Comment on 'Membranous glomerulonephritis secondary to Borrelia burgdorferi infection presenting as nephrotic syndrome'. Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation. 2010;25(5):1723-1727. doi:10.1093/ndt/gfq028. [PubMed] Kirmizis D, Chatzidimitriou D.
86.) Renal Manifestations of Lyme Disease: Interplay between Infection and Immunostimulation. In: Holmgren A, Borg G, ed. Handbook Of Disease Outbreaks: Prevention, Detection And Control. 1st ed. New York: Nova Science Publishers Inc; 2010. https://www.novapublishers.com/catalog/product_info.php?products_id=11009] Kirmizis D, Chatzidimitriou D.
87.) MPGN secondary to lyme disease. American Journal of Kidney Diseases. 2004;43(3):544-551. doi:10.1053/j.ajkd.2003.11.014. [PubMed] Kirmizis D, Efstratiadis G, Economidou D, Diza-Mataftsi E, Leontsini M, Memmos D.
88.) Minimal-Change Disease Secondary toBorrelia burgdorferiInfection. Case Reports in Nephrology. 2012;2012:1-3. doi:10.1155/2012/294532. [PubMed] Kwiatkowska E, Golembiewska E, Ciechanowski K, Kedzierska K.
89.) Lyme disease-associated glomerulonephritis. Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation. 2011;26(9):3054-3056. doi:10.1093/ndt/gfr335. [PubMed] Mc Causland F, Niedermaier S, Bijol V, Rennke H, Choi M, Forman J.
90.) Membranous glomerulonephritis secondary to Borrelia burgdorferi infection presenting as nephrotic syndrome. Clinical Kidney Journal. 2009;3(1):105-106. doi:10.1093/ndtplus/sfp160. [PubMed] Papineni P, Doherty T, Pickett T, Toth T, Boddana P.
91.) MPGN and Nephrotic Syndrome (NS) Secondary to Lyme Disease (LD). American Journal of Kidney Diseases. 2008;51(4):B83. doi:10.1053/j.ajkd.2008.02.231. [http://www.ajkd.org/article/S0272-6386(08)00402-2/abstract] Rawal B, Rovner L, Thakar C, Pollock J.
92.) Penetration of endothelial cell monolayers by Borrelia burgdorferi, Infect Immun , 1989, vol. 57 (pg. 1626-8) [PubMed] Comstock LE, Thomas DD.
93.) Goellner MH, Agger WA, Burgess JH, Duray PH. Hepatitis due to recurrent Lyme disease, Ann Intern Med , 1988, vol. 108 (pg. 707-8) [PubMed]Goellner MH, Agger WA, Burgess JH, Duray PH.
94.) Lyme borreliosis in the severe combined immunodeficiency (scid) mouse manifests predominantly in the joint, heart and liver, Am J Pathol, 1990, vol. 137 (pg. 811-20) [PubMed] Schaible UE, Gay S, Museteanu C, et al.
95.) Gastrointestinal and Hepatic Manifestations of Tickborne Diseases in the United States. Clin Infect Dis. 2002:34(9):1206-1212. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1086/339871 [PubMed] Zaidi SA, Singer C.
96.)[A reprospective analysis of 973 patients with lyme borreliosis in Kuyavian-Pomeranian voivodship in 2000-2005]. [Article in Polish] Przegl Epidemiol. 2012;66(4):581-6. [PubMed] Blazejewicz-Zawadziniska M, Brochocka A, Lisinska J, Borowiecki M.
97.) Lymphoadenopathy during lyme borreliosis is caused by spirochete migration-induced specific B cell activation. PLoS Pathog. 2011;7(5):e1002066. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1002066. [PubMed] Tunev SS, Hastey CJ, Hodzic E, Feng S, Barthold SW, Baumgarth N.
98.)[Clinico-epidemiologic characteristics of Lyme disease treated at the Infectious Disease in Novy Sad 1993-1998]. [Article in Croatian] Med Pregl. 2001;54(9-10):470-5. [PubMed] Vukadinov J1, Canak G, Brkic S, Samardzija NM, Aleksic-Dordevic M, Turkulov V, Cik-Nad E, Lalosevic V.
99.) Borrelia arthritis and chronic myositis accompanied by typical chronic dermatitis. JBR-BTR. 2008;91(3):88-9. [PubMed] Brtkova J, Jirickova P, Kapla J, Dedic K, Pliskova L.
100.) Orbital myositis associated with Borrelia burgdorferi (Lyme disease) infection. Ophthalmology. 2004;111(5):1023-8. DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2003.08.032. [PubMed] Carvounis PE, Mehta AP, Geist CE.
101.) Tick inoculation in an eyelid region: report on five cases with one complication of the orbital myositis associated with Lyme borreliosis. Klin Oczna. 2006;108(4-6):220-4. [PubMed] Holak H, Holak N, Huzarska M, Holak S.
102.) Lyme myositis. Arthritis Rheum. 2006;54(8):2697-700. [PubMed] Holmgren AR, Matteson EL.
103.) Two cases of orbital myositis as a rare feature of lyme borreliosis. Case Rep Infect Dis. 2011;2011:372470. doi: 10.1155/2011/372470. [PubMed] Sauer A, Speeg-Schatz C, Hansmann Y.
104.) [Lyme disease could mimic dermatomyositis]. [Article in French] Rev Med Interne. 2007 May;28(5):343-5. [PubMed] Waton J, Pinault AL, Pouaha J, Truchetet F.
105.) Late Diagnosis of Early Disseminated Lyme Disease: Perplexing Symptoms in a Gardener, J Am Board Fam Med May-June 2008 vol. 21 no. 3 234-236 [PubMed] doi: 10.3122/jabfm.2008.03.070196 Brooke E. Salzman, MD, Amber Stonehouse, MD and James Studdiford, MD
106.) Pancytopenia in Lyme disease. BMJ Case Rep. 2014;4;2014. pii: bcr2013201079. doi: 10.1136/bcr-2013-201079. [PubMed] Mehrzad R, Bravoco J.
107.) The eye and tick-borne disease in the United States. Curr Opin Ophthalmol. 2016 Nov;27(6):530-537. [PubMed] Sathiamoorthi S, Smith W.
=====================================================================
9.) LYME DISEASE LATE STAGE AND CARDIOVASCULARY DISEASE.
=====================================================================
108.) Coronary aneurysm in Lyme disease: Treatment by covered stent. International Journal of Cardiology. 2008;128(2):e72–e73. doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2007.04.163. [PubMed] Cuisset T, Hamilos M, Vanderheyden M.
109.) Coronary artery aneurysm in two patients with long-standing Lyme borreliosis. The Lancet. 1994;344(8932):1300-1301. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(94)90789-7. [PubMed] Gasser R, Watzinger N, Eber B et al.
110.) Presence of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato antibodies in the serum of patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2012 May;31(5):781-9. doi: 10.1007/s10096-011-1375-y. Epub 2011 Aug 13. [PubMed] Hinterseher I1, Gäbel G, Corvinus F, Lück C, Saeger HD, Bergert H, Tromp G, Kuivaniemi H.
111.)[Coronary aneurysm in a 69-year-old patient. Transthoracic echocardiography]. Ultraschall in der Medizin - European Journal of Ultrasound. 1995;16(04):200-202. doi:10.1055/s-2007-1003939. [PubMed] Watzinger N, Fruhwald F, Schafhalter I et al.
112.) Ascending aortitis: a clinicopathological study of 21 cases in a series of 300 aortic repairs. Pathology. 2014 Jun;46(4):296-305. doi: 10.1097/PAT.0000000000000096. [PubMed] Xu L1, Heath J, Burke A.
113.) Coronary artery aneurysm in two patients with long-standing Lyme borreliosis. Borreliosis Study Group. Lancet. 1994;344:1300–1301. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(94)90789-7. [PubMed] [Cross Ref] Gasser R, Watzinger N, Eber B, Luha O, Reisinger E, Seinost G, Klein W.
114.) Peroperative cardiogenic shock suggesting acute coronary syndrome as initial manifestation of Lyme carditis. J Clin Anesth. 2016 Dec;35:430-433. doi: 10.1016/j.jclinane.2016.08.005. Epub 2016 Oct 18. [PubMed] Clinckaert C, Bidgoli S, Verbeet T, Attou R, Gottignies P, Massaut J, Reper P.
115.) Coronary aneurysm in Lyme Disease: treatment by covered stent. Int J Cardiol. 2008 Aug 18;128(2):e72-3. [PubMed] Cuisset T, Hamilos M, Vanderheyden M.
116.) [Coronary aneurysm in a 69-year-old patient. Transthoracic echocardiography]. Ultraschall Med. 1995 Aug;16(4):200-2. German. [PubMed] Watzinger N, Fruhwald FM, Schafhalter I, Hermann J, Luha O, Zweiker R, Gasser R, Eber B, Klein W.
117.) [Complete atrioventricular block as the first clinical manifestation of a tick bite (Lyme disease)] [in Italian]. Giornale italiano di cardiologia (2006). 2011;12(3):214–6. [PubMed] Bacino L, Gazzarata M, Siri G, Cordone S, Bellotti P.
118.) Peroperative cardiogenic shock suggesting acute coronary syndrome as initial manifestation of Lyme carditis. Journal of Clinical Anesthesia. 2016;35:430–433. doi:10.1016/j.jclinane.2016.08.005. [PubMed] Clinckaert C, Bidgoli S, Verbeet T, et al.
119.) [The Lyme carditis as a rare differential diagnosis to an anterior myocardial infarction] [in German]. Zeitschrift für Kardiologie. 2002;91(12):1053–1060. doi:10.1007/s00392-002-0873-4. [PubMed] Dernedde S, Piper C, Kühl U, et al.
120.) [Reversible complete heart block by re-infection with Borrelia burgdorferi with negative IgM-antibodies] [in German]. Deutsche medizinische Wochenschrift (1946). 2008;134:23–6. [PubMed]Guenther F, Bode C, Faber T.
121.) Lyme carditis: restitutio ad integrum documented by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. Cardiology in Review. 2004;12(4):185-187. doi:10.1097/01.crd.0000123841.02777.5d. [PubMed] Karadag B, Spieker L, Schwitter J et al.
122.) Manifestations of Lyme carditis. International Journal of Cardiology. 2017;232:24-32. doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.12.169. [PubMed] Kostic T, Momcilovic S, Perišic Z et al.
123.) Detection of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in endomyocardial biopsy specimens in individuals with recent-onset dilated cardiomyopathy. European Journal of Heart Failure. 2012;14(6):588–596. doi:10.1093/eurjhf/hfs027. [PubMed] Kubánek M, Šramko M, Berenová D, et al.
124.)[Lyme disease presenting as infarction pain. A case report] [in French]. Archives des maladies du coeur et des vaisseaux. 2002;94(12):1419–22. [PubMed] Meimoun P, Sayah S, Benali T, et al.
125.) [Lyme carditis presenting as acute coronary syndrome: A case report] [in Polish]. Kardiologia polska. 2008;66(4):420–5. [PubMed] Rostoff P, Konduracka E, Massri E, et al.
126.) Detection of Borrelia bissettii in cardiac valve tissue of a patient with Endocarditis and Aortic valve Stenosis in the Czech Republic. Journal of Clinical Microbiology. 2008;46(10):3540–3543. doi:10.1128/jcm.01032-08. [PubMed] Rudenko N, Golovchenko M, Mokracek A, et al.
127.) [Diagnosis and course of myocarditis: A survey in the medical clinics of Zurich university hospital 1980 to 1998] [in German]. Schweizerische medizinische Wochenschrift. 2000;130(36):1265–71. [PubMed] Sauvant G, Bossart W, Kurrer M, Follath F.
128.) Borrelia burgdorferi as an etiologic agent in chronic heart failure? Scandinavian journal of infectious diseases. Supplementum. 1991;77:85–7. [PubMed] Stanek G, Klein J, Bittner R, Glogar D.
=====================================================================
10.) LYME DISEASE LATE STAGE, NEURO-BORRELIOSIS, NEURITIS OR NEUROPATHY, MENINGOVASCULAR, NB WITH CEREBRAL INFARCTS, LYME PARKINSONISM, LYME ENCEPHALITIS.
=====================================================================
129.) Lyme disease –induced polyradiculopathy mimicking amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Inter J of Neuroscience. 2014;124(11):859–862. doi:10.3109/00207454.2013.879582. [PubMed] Burakgazi AZ.
130.) Clinical and epidemiological features of Lyme borreliosis in Bulgaria. Wien Klin Wochenschr. 2004;116(1-2):42-6. [PubMed] Christova I, Komitova R.
131.) Seronegative Chronic Relapsing Neuroborreliosis. Eur Neurol 1995;35:113-117. [PubMed] Lawrence C, Lipton RB, Lowy FD, Coyle PK.
132.) Genetic Analysis of Borrelia garinii OspA Serotype 4 Strains Associated with Neuroborreliosis: Evidence for Extensive Genetic Homogeneity. J Clin Microbiol. 1999;37(12): 3965–3970. [PubMed Central] Marconi RT, Hohenberger S, Jauris-Heipke S, Schulte-Spechtel U, LaVoie CP, Rößler D, Wilske B.
133.) [Clinical manifestations of neuroborreliosis in the Volga region]. [Article in Russian]. Ter Arkh. 2010;82(11):68-70. [PubMed] Nafeev AA, Klimova LV.
134.) Avellis syndrome due to borreliosis. Eur J Neurol. 2007;14(1):112-4. DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-1331.2006.01528.x. [PubMed] Habek M, Mubrin Z, Brinar VV.
135.) Lyme disease: cause of a treatable peripheral neuropathy. Neurology. 1987;37(11):1700-6. [PubMed] Halperin JJ, Little BW, Coyle PK, Dattwyler RJ.
136.) Retrobulbar optic neuritis: a complication of Lyme disease? J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2007;78(12): 1409–1410. doi: 10.1136/jnnp.2006.113761. [PubMed Central] Krim E, Guehl D, Burbaud P, and LaguenyA.
137.) Unusual manifestations of nervous system Borrelia burgdorferi infection. Arch Neurol. 1987;44(7):781-3. [PubMed] Midgard R, Hofstad H.
138.) Optic neuropathy in children with Lyme disease. Pediatrics. 200;108(2):477-81. [PubMed] Rothermel H, Hedges TR 3rd, Steere AC.
139.) Optic nerve involvement in Lyme disease. Curr Opin Ophthalmol. 2012;23(6):485-90. doi:10.1097/ICU.0b013e328358b1eb. (Pubmed) Träisk F, Lindquist L.
140.) Stroke as an Unusual First Presentation of Lyme Disease. Case Rep Neurol Med. 2015;2015:389081. doi: 10.1155/2015/389081. Epub 2015 Dec 16. [PubMed] Almoussa M1, Goertzen A1, Fauser B1, Zimmermann CW1.
141.) Neuroborreliosis-associated cerebral vasculitis: long-term outcome and health-related quality of life. J Neurol. 2013 Jun;260(6):1569-75. doi: 10.1007/s00415-013-6831-4. [PubMed] Back T1, Grünig S, Winter Y, Bodechtel U, Guthke K, Khati D, von Kummer R.
142.) Cerebral sinuvenous thrombosis: a rare complication of Lyme neuroborreliosis. Wiener klinische Wochenschrift. 2014;127(1-2):65-67. doi:10.1007/s00508-014-0622-5. [PubMed] Blažina K, Miletic V, Relja M, Bažadona D.
143.) The enlarging clinical spectrum of Lyme disease: Lyme cerebral vasculitis, a new disease entity. Ann Emerg Med. 1990;19:572–6. [PubMed] Brogan GX, Homan CS, Viccellio P.
144.) Lyme disease presenting as a stroke in the vertebrobasilar territory: MRI. Neuroradiology. 1993;35:529–31. [PubMed] Defer G, Levy R, Brugieres P, Postic D, Degos JD.
145.) Screening for neuroborreliosis in patients with stroke. Stroke. 1993;24:1393–6. [PubMed] Hammers-Berggren S, Grondahl A, Karlsson M, von Arbin M, Carlsson A, Stiernstedt G.
146.) [Lyme disease from the neurologist's viewpoint]. [in German]. Schweiz Med Wochenschr. 1987;117:901–15. [PubMed] Hanny PE, Hauselmann HJ.
147.) Cerebral vasculitis as the only manifestation of Borrelia burgdorferi infection in a 17-year-old patient with basal ganglia infarction. Eur Neurol. 2003;50:109–12. [PubMed] Heinrich A, Khaw AV, Ahrens N, Kirsch M, Dressel A.
148.)[Vasculitis course of neuroborreliosis with thalamic infarct]. [in German]. Nervenarzt. 1997;68:339–41. [PubMed] Keil R, Baron R, Kaiser R, Deuschl G.
149.) Large cerebral vessel occlusive disease in Lyme neuroborreliosis. Neuropediatrics. 2002;33:37–40. [PubMed] Klingebiel R, Benndorf G, Schmitt M, von Moers A, Lehmann R.
150.) Systemic, secondary and infectious causes for cerebral vasculitis: clinical experience with 16 new European cases. Rheumatology International. 2009;30(11):1471-1476. doi:10.1007/s00296-009-1172-4. [PubMed] Kraemer M, Berlit P.
151.) Borrelia rhombencephalomyelopathy. Arch Neurol. 1991;48:832–6. [PubMed] Kuntzer T, Bogousslavsky J, Miklossy J, Steck AJ, Janzer R, Regli F.
152.) Stroke-like Phenomena Revealing Multifocal Cerebral Vasculitis in Pediatric Lyme Neuroborreliosis. J Child Neurol. 2015 Aug;30(9):1226-9. doi: 10.1177/0883073814552104. [PubMed] Kurian M, Pereira VM, Vargas MI, Fluss J.
153.)[Ischemic stroke caused by neuroborreliosis]. [in French]. Arch Pediatr. 1999;6(12):1302-5. [PubMed] Laroche C, Lienhardt A, Boulesteix J.
154.) Stroke Due to Lyme Neuroborreliosis: Changes in Vessel Wall Contrast Enhancement. J Neuroimag. 2012;22(12):210–2. [PubMed] Lebas A, Toulgoat F, Saliou G, Husson B, Tardieu M.
155.) Stroke in neuroborreliosis. Stroke. 1990;21:1232–5. [PubMed] May EF, Jabbari B.
156.) Unusual manifestations of nervous system Borrelia burgdorferi infection. Arch Neurol. 1987;44:781–3. [PubMed] Midgard R, Hofstad H.
157.) Meningovascular form of neuroborreliosis: similarities between neuropathological findings in a case of Lyme disease and those occurring in tertiary neurosyphilis. Acta Neuropathol. 1990;80:568–72. [PubMed] Miklossy J, Kuntzer T, Bogousslavsky J, Regli F, Janzer RC.
158.) Biology and neuropathology of dementia in syphilis and Lyme disease. Handb Clin Neurol. 2008;89:825–44. [PubMed] Miklossy J.
159.) Neuroborreliosis simulating a progressive stroke. Acta Neurol Scand. 1990;81:471–4. [PubMed] Olsson JE, Zbornikova V.
160.) Stroke due to Lyme disease. Neurology. 1993;43:2705–7. [PubMed] Reik L., Jr
161.) [Multiple ischemic strokes due to Borrelia garinii meningovasculitis]. [in French]. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2010;166:931–4. [PubMed] Rey V, Du Pasquier R, Muehl A, Peter O, Michel P.
162.) Neuroborreliosis with vasculitis causing stroke-like manifestations. Eur Neurol. 2004;51:49–50. [PubMed] Romi F, Krakenes J, Aarli JA, Tysnes OB.
163.) Cerebral vasculitis with multiple infarcts caused by lyme disease. Cerebrovasc Dis. 2004;17:79–81. [PubMed] Schmiedel J, Gahn G, von Kummer R, Reichmann H.
164.) [Neuroborreliosis with extensive cerebral vasculitis and multiple cerebral infarcts]. [in German]. Nervenarzt. 1999;70:167–71. [PubMed] Schmitt AB, Kuker W, Nacimiento W.
165.) The long-term clinical outcomes of Lyme disease. A population-based retrospective cohort study. Ann Intern Med. 1994;121:560–7. [PubMed] Shadick NA, Phillips CB, Logigian EL, et al.
166.) Recurrent ischemic strokes revealing Lyme meningovascularitis. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2009;165:273–7. [PubMed] Sparsa L, Blanc F, Lauer V, Cretin B, Marescaux C, Wolff V.
167.) Unexplained cerebral vasculitis and stroke: keep Lyme neuroborreliosis in mind. Lancet Neurol. 2007;6:756–7. [PubMed] Topakian R, Stieglbauer K, Aichner FT.
168.) Cerebral angiopathy and recurrent strokes following Borrelia burgdorferi infection. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiat. 1987;50:1703–4. [PubMed Central] Uldry PA, Regli F, Bogousslavsky J.
169.) Acute ischaemic pontine stroke revealing lyme neuroborreliosis in a young adult. Acta Neurol Belg. 2008;108:103–6. [PubMed] Van Snick S, Duprez TP, Kabamba B, Van De Wyngaert FA, Sindic CJ.
170.) Basal meningovasculitis and occlusion of the basilar artery in two cases of Borrelia burgdorferi infection. Neurology. 1988;38:1317–9. [PubMed] Veenendaal-Hilbers JA, Perquin WV, Hoogland PH, Doornbos L.
171.) Cerebrovascular Events in Lyme Neuroborreliosis. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 2015 Jul;24(7):1671-8. doi:10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2015.03.056. [PubMed] Wittwer B, Pelletier S, Ducrocq X, Maillard L, Mione G, Richard S.
172.) Vasculitis and stroke due to Lyme neuroborreliosis – a review. Infectious Diseases. 2014;47(1):1-6. doi:10.3109/00365548.2014.961544. [PubMed] Zajkowska J, Garkowski A, Moniuszko A et al.
173.) Lyme neuroborreliosis mimics stroke: a case report. Arch phys Med Rehab. 2000;81:519–21. [PubMed] Zhang Y, Lafontant G, Bonner FJ., Jr
174.) Intracranial aneurysms in three patients with disseminated Lyme borreliosis: cause or chance association? J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1998;64:636–642. doi: 10.1136/jnnp.64.5.636. [PMC free article] [PubMed]
175.) Lyme borreliosis and intracranial aneurysm. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1999;66:806–807. doi: 10.1136/jnnp.66.6.806a. [PMC free article] [PubMed] Polet JD, Weinstein HC.
176.) Lyme-associated parkinsonism: a neuropathologic case study and review of the literature. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2003;127(9):1204-6. [PubMed] Cassarino DS, Quezado MM, Ghatak NR, Duray PH.
177.) Genetics Underlying Atypical Parkinsonism and Related Neurodegenerative Disorders. Jellinger KA, ed. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2015;16(10):24629-24655. doi:10.3390/ijms161024629 [PubMed] Scholz SW, Bras J.
178.) Neuroborreliosis Presenting as Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis. Pediatric Emergency Care. 2012;28(12):1374-1376. doi:10.1097/pec.0b013e318276c51d. [PubMed] Rocha R, Lisboa L, Neves J, García López M, Santos E, Ribeiro A.
179.) A case of chronic progressive lyme encephalitis as a manifestation of late lyme neuroborreliosis. Infect Dis Rep. 2014 Dec 11;6(4):5496. doi: 10.4081/idr.2014.5496. eCollection 2014 [PubMed] Verma V, Roman MShah D, Zaretskaya M, Yassin MH.
180.) Chronic or late lyme neuroborreliosis: analysis of evidence compared to chronic or late neurosyphilis.
Open Neurol J. 2012;6:146-57. doi: 10.2174/1874205X01206010146. Epub 2012 Dec 28. [PubMed] Miklossy J.
181.) Historic evidence to support a causal relationship between spirochetal infections and Alzheimer’s disease. Front Aging Neurosci 7, 46. [PMC free article] [PubMed] Miklossy J (2015)
182.) [Outline of Lyme borreliosis in Brazil]. [in Portuguese]. Rev Hosp Clin Fac Med Sao Paulo. 1997;52(2):111-7. [PubMed] Yoshinari NH, de Barros PJ, Bonoldi VL, Ishikawa M, Battesti DM, Pirana S, da Fonseca AH, Schumaker TT.
=====================================================================
11.) LYME DISEASE, NEUROBORRELIOSIS, - LATE LYME MENINGOENCEPHALITIS OR MENINGOMYELOENCEPHALITIS.
=====================================================================
183.) [Progressive Borrelia encephalomyelitis. Chronic manifestation of erythema chronicum migrans disease of the nervous system]. [in German]. DMW - Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift. 1985;110(26):1039-1042. doi:10.1055/s-2008-1068956. [PubMed] Ackermann R, Gollmer E, Rehse-Küpper B.
184.) Destructive chronic borrelia meningoencephalitis in a child untreated for 15 years. Scand J Infect Dis. 1987;19:697–700. [PubMed] Bensch J, Olcen P, Hagberg L.
185.) Central nervous system infection caused by Borrelia burgdorferi. Clinico-pathological correlation of three post-mortem cases. Folia neuropathologica. 1999;37:43–51. [PubMed] Bertrand E, Szpak GM, Pilkowska E, et al.
186.) [Tick-borne borreliosis. A case of chronic meningoencephalitis caused by Borrelia burgdorferi]. [in Norwegian]. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 1987;107(1):25-7, 49. [PubMed] Bogsrud T, Odegaard B.
187.) Lyme-associated parkinsonism: a neuropathologic case study and review of the literature. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2003;127:1204–6. [PubMed] Cassarino DS, Quezado MM, Ghatak NR, Duray PH.
188.) [Severe meningoencephalitis in Borrelia burgdorferi infection]. [in Polish]. Neurol Neurochir Pol. 1998;32:387–93. [PubMed] Czyrny M, Jura E, Seniow J, Baranska M, Wilske B, Czlonkowska A.
189.) Motor neuron disease features in a patient with neuroborreliosis and a cervical anterior horn lesion. Acta clinica Belgica. 2009;64:225–7. [PubMed] De Cauwer H, Declerck S, De Smet J, et al.
190.) Lyme meningoencephalitis: report of a severe, penicillin-resistant case. Arthritis Rheum. 1987;30:705–8. [PubMed] Diringer MN, Halperin JJ, Dattwyler RJ.
191.) [Acute severe leukoencephalitis with posterior lesions due to Borrelia burgdorferi infection]. [in French]. Presse Med. 2003;32:1607–9. [PubMed] Drouet A, Meyer X, Guilloton L, et al.
192.) Clinical pathologic correlations of Lyme disease by stage. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1988;539:65–79. [PubMed] Duray PH, Steere AC.
193.)The spectrum of organ and systems pathology in human Lyme disease. Zentralbl Bakteriol Mikrobiol Hyg A. 1986;263:169–78. [PubMed] Duray PH, Steere AC.
194.) Histopathology of clinical phases of human Lyme disease. Rheum Dis Clin North Am. 1989;15:691–710. [PubMed] Duray PH.
195.) The surgical pathology of human Lyme disease. An enlarging picture. Am J Surg Pathol. 1987;11(Suppl 1):47–60. [PubMed] Duray PH.
196.) [Isolated meningoencephalitis in Lyme disease]. [in French]. Ann Med Interne (Paris). 1987;138(2):149-50. [PubMed] Fénelon G, Chaine P, Lèche J, Guillard A.
197.) [Meningoradiculoencephalitis in Lyme disease. A case with major regressive mental disorders], [in French]. Presse Med. 1988;17(14):697. [PubMed] Ferroir J, Reignier A, Nicolle M, Guillard A.
198.) CNS Lyme disease manifestation in children. Przeglad lekarski. 2007;64(Suppl 3):38–40. [PubMed] Kacinski M, Zajac A, Skowronek-Bala B, Kroczka S, Gergont A, Kubik A.
199.) Case of Borrelia brainstem encephalitis presenting with severe dysphagia. Clin Neurol. 2010;50:265–7. [PubMed] Kawano Y, Shigeto H, Shiraishi Y, Ohyagi Y, Kira J.
200.) The clinical spectrum of early Lyme borreliosis in patients with culture-confirmed erythema migrans. Am J Med. 1996;100:502–8. [PubMed] Nadelman RB, Nowakowski J, Forseter G, et al.
201.) [Borrelia encephalitis and catatonia in adolescence]. [in German]. Nervenarzt. 1989;60:115–9. [PubMed] Neumarker KJ, Dudeck U, Plaza P.
202.) Inflammatory brain changes in Lyme borreliosis. A report on three patients and review of literature. Brain. 1996;119( Pt 6):2143–54. [PubMed] Oksi J, Kalimo H, Marttila RJ, et al.
203.) Fatal encephalitis caused by concomitant infection with tick-borne encephalitis virus and Borrelia burgdorferi. Clinical infectious diseases: an official publication of the Infectious. Dis Soc Am. 1993;16:392–6. [PubMed] Oksi J, Viljanen MK, Kalimo H, et al.
204.) [Recurrent and relapsing course of borreliosis of the nervous system]. [in German]. Wien Klin Wochenschr. 1990;102:4–12. [PubMed] Omasits M, Seiser A, Brainin M.
205.) Stages and syndromes of neuroborreliosis. J Neurol. 1998;245:262–72. [PubMed] Oschmann P, Dorndorf W, Hornig C, Schafer C, Wellensiek HJ, Pflughaupt KW.
206.) Central nervous system manifestations of Lyme disease. Arch Neurol. 1989;46:790–5. [PubMed] Pachner AR, Duray P, Steere AC.
207.) [Chronic neuroborreliosis with gait ataxia and cognitive disorders]. [in German]. Praxis (Bern 1994). 1997;86(20):867-9. [PubMed] Pennekamp A, Jaques M.
208.) Tick-borne encephalitis with polyradiculitis documented by MRI. Neurology. 2007;68:1232–3. [PubMed] Pfefferkorn T, Feddersen B, Schulte-Altedorneburg G, Linn J, Pfister HW.
209.) [Meningoencephalomyelitis caused by Borrelia burgdorferi: a case without epidemiologic history or chronic migratory erythema]. [in Spanish]. Med Clin (Barc). 1989;93:218–20. [PubMed] Ponz E, Graus F, Alvarez R, Sarmiento X, Vidal J, Grau JM.
210.) Neurologic abnormalities in Lyme disease without erythema chronicum migrans. Am J Med. 1986;81:73–8. [PubMed] Reik L Jr, Burgdorfer W, Donaldson JO.
211.) The long-term clinical outcomes of Lyme disease. A population-based retrospective cohort study. Ann Intern Med. 1994;121:560–7. [PubMed] Shadick NA, Phillips CB, Logigian EL, et al.
212.) Chronic progressive neurological involvement in Borrelia burgdorferi infection. J Neurol. 1987;234:40–3. [PubMed] Weder B, Wiedersheim P, Matter L, Steck A, Otto F.
===================================================================
12.) LYME DISEASE- LATE STAGE: ATROPHIC FORM OF LYME MENINGOENCEPHALITIS WITH DEMENTIA & SUBACUTE PRESENILE DEMENTIA & NEUROPSYCHIATRIC MANIFESTATIONS
===================================================================
213.) Cerebral atrophy in Lyme disease. Neuroradiology. 1990;32:252. [PubMed] Aasly J, Nilsen G.
214.) Alzheimers disease: A novel hypothesis integrating spirochetes, biofilm, and the immune system. Journal of Neuroinfectious Diseases. 2016;07(01). doi:10.4172/2314-7326.1000200.[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/294089000_Alzheimer's_
Disease_A_Novel_Hypothesis_Integrating_Spirochetes_Biofilm_and_the_Immune_System]Allen HB, Morales D.
215.) Dementia associated with infectious diseases. International Psychogeriatrics. 2005;17(S1):S65. doi:10.1017/s104161020500195x. [PubMed] Almeida OP, Lautenschlager NT.
216.) A study on the association between infectious burden and Alzheimer's disease. European Journal of Neurology. 2014;22(12):1519-1525. doi:10.1111/ene.12477. [PubMed] Bu X, Yao X, Jiao S et al.
217.) Multiple neurologic manifestations of Borrelia burgdorferi infection. Rev Neurol. 1988;144:765–75. [PubMed] Dupuis MJ.
218.) The surgical pathology of human Lyme disease. An enlarging picture. Am J Surg Pathol. 1987;11(Suppl 1):47–60. [PubMed] Duray PH.
219.) Microbes and Alzheimer’s Disease. Journal of Alzheimer's Disease. 2016;51(4):979-984. doi:10.3233/jad-160152. [PubMed] Itzhaki R, Lathe R, Balin B et al.
220.) [Mental disorders in the course of lyme borreliosis and tick borne encephalitis] [in Polish]. Przeglad epidemiologiczny. 2002;56:37–50. [PubMed] Juchnowicz D, Rudnik I, Czernikiewicz A, Zajkowska J, Pancewicz SA.
221.) Lyme disease presenting as subacute transverse myelitis. Acta Neurol Belg. 2009;109(4):326-9. [PubMed] Koc F, Bozdemir H, Pekoz T, Aksu H, Ozcan S, Kurdak H.
222.) Concurrent neocortical borreliosis and Alzheimer's disease. Human Pathology. 1987;18(7):759-761. doi:10.1016/s0046-8177(87)80252-6. [PubMed] MacDonald A, Miranda J.
223.) Borrelia in the brains of patients dying with dementia. JAMA. 1986;256:2195–6. [PubMed] MacDonald AB.
224.) Can infections cause Alzheimer’s disease? Epidemiologic Reviews. 2013;35(1):161–180. doi:10.1093/epirev/mxs007. [PubMed] Mawanda F, Wallace R.
225.) Senile plaques, neurofibrillary tangles and neuropil threads contain DNA? Journal of Spirochetal and Tick Borne-Diseases. 1995;2:1–5. Miklossy J, Gern L, Darekar P, Janzer RC, Van der Loos H.
226.) Further ultrastructural evidence that spirochaetes may play a role in the aetiology of Alzheimer's disease. Neuroreport. 1994;5:1201–4. [PubMed] Miklossy J, Kasas S, Janzer RC, Ardizzoni F, Van der Loos H.
227.) Persisting atypical and cystic forms of Borrelia burgdorferi and local inflammation in Lyme neuroborreliosis. Journal of Neuroinflammation. 2008;5(1):40. doi:10.1186/1742-2094-5-40. [PubMed] Miklossy J, Kasas S, Zurn A, McCall S, Yu S, McGeer P.
228.) Borrelia burgdorferi persists in the brain in chronic Lyme neuroborreliosis and may be associated with Alzheimer disease. Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease. 2004;6(6):639–649. [PubMed] Miklossy J, Khalili K, Gern L, et al.
229.) Beta-amyloid deposition and Alzheimer’s type changes induced by Borrelia spirochetes. Neurobiology of Aging. 2006;27(2):228–236. doi:10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2005.01.018. [PubMed] Miklossy J, Kis A, Radenovic A, et al.
230.) Alzheimer’s disease - a neurospirochetosis. Analysis of the evidence following Koch’s and hill’s criteria. Journal of Neuroinflammation. 2011;8(1):90. doi:10.1186/1742-2094-8-90. [PMC free article] [PubMed] Miklossy J.
231.) Alzheimer's disease--a spirochetosis? Neuroreport. 1993;4:841–8. [PubMed] Miklossy J.
231.) Bacterial Amyloid and DNA are Important Constituents of Senile Plaques: Further Evidence of the Spirochetal and Biofilm Nature of Senile Plaques. Journal of Alzheimer's Disease. 2016;53(4):1459-1473. doi:10.3233/jad-160451. [PubMed] Miklossy J.
232.) Chronic inflammation and amyloidogenesis in Alzheimer’s disease -- role of Spirochetes. Journal of Alzheimer’s disease : JAD. 2008;13(4):381–91. [PubMed] Miklossy J.
233.) Emerging roles of pathogens in Alzheimer disease. Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine. 2011;13. doi:10.1017/s1462399411002006. [PubMed] Miklossy J.
234.) Historic evidence to support a causal relationship between spirochetal infections and Alzheimer’s disease. Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience. 2015;7. doi:10.3389/fnagi.2015.00046. [PubMed Central] Miklossy J.
235.) The spirochetal etiology of Alzheimer’s disease: A putative therapeutic approach. In Alzheimer Disease: Therapeutic Strategies. Proceedings of the Third International Springfield Alzheimer Symposium. Edited by: Giacobini E, Becker R. Birkhauser Boston Inc.; 1994:, Part I: 41-48. ) Miklossy J.
236.) [Chronic neuroborreliosis with gait ataxia and cognitive disorders] [in German]. Praxis. 1997;86(20):867–9. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9312817. Accessed February 27, 2017. [PubMed] Pennekamp A, Jaques M.
236.) Neurologic abnormalities in Lyme disease without erythema chronicum migrans. Am J Med. 1986;81:73–8. [PubMed] Reik L Jr, Burgdorfer W, Donaldson JO.
237.) Dementia in Lyme disease. Presse Med. 1994;23:861. [PubMed] Schaeffer S, Le Doze F, De la Sayette V, Bertran F, Viader F.
238.) [Neuroborreliosis: CT and MRI findings in 14 cases. Preliminary communication] [in Polish]. Neurologia i neurochirurgia polska. 2002;35(5):803–13. [PubMed] Tarasów E, Ustymowicz A, Zajkowska J, Hermanowska-Szpakowicz T.
239.) Rapidly progressive frontal-type dementia associated with Lyme disease. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci. 1995;7:345–7. [PubMed] Waniek C, Prohovnik I, Kaufman MA, Dwork AJ.
240.)The underdiagnosis of neuropsychiatric lyme disease in children and adults. Psychiatric Clinics of North America. 1998;21(3):693-703. doi:10.1016/s0193-953x(05)70032-0. [PubMed] Fallon B, Kochevar J, Gaito A, Nields J.
241.) Lyme disease: a neuropsychiatric illness. The Am J Psychiatr. 1994;151:1571–83. [PubMed] Fallon BA, Nields JA.
242.) Psychiatric manifestations of Lyme borreliosis. J Clin Psychiatry. 1993;54(7):263-8. [Europe PMC] [PubMed] Fallon B, Nields J, Parsons B, Liebowitz M, Klein D.
243.) A controlled study of cognitive deficits in children with chronic Lyme disease. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2001;13(4):500-7. [PubMed] Tager FA, Fallon BA, Keilp J, Rissenberg M, Jones CR, Liebowitz MR.
===================================================================
13.) LYME DISEASE- LATE STAGE: BONE, JOINT AND MUSCULOSKELETAL MANIFESTATIONS
===================================================================
244.) Distinguishing Lyme from septic knee monoarthritis in Lyme disease-endemic areas. Pediatrics. 2013;131(3):e695-701. doi:10.1542/peds.2012-2531. [PubMed] Deanehan JK, Kimia AA, Tan Tanny SP, et al.
245.) Analysis of Borrelia burgdorferi genotypes in patients with Lyme arthritis: High frequency of ribosomal RNA intergenic spacer type 1 strains in antibiotic-refractory arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 2009;60(7):2174-2182. doi:10.1002/art.24812. [PubMed] Jones KL, McHugh GA, Glickstein LJ, Steere AC.
246.) Temporomandibular joint involvement caused by Borrelia Burgdorferi. J Cranio-Maxillo-fac Surg Off Publ Eur Assoc Cranio-Maxillo-fac Surg. 2007;35(8):397-400. doi:10.1016/j.jcms.2007.06.003. [PubMed] Lesnicar G, Zerdoner D.
247.) The incidence of Borrelia burgdorferi, Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Babesia microti coinfections among foresters and farmers in eastern Poland. J Vector Borne Dis. 2016;53(4):348-354. [PubMed] Pañczuk A, Tokarska-Rodak M, Koziol-Montewka M, Plewik D.
248.) Good outcomes of Lyme arthritis in 24 patients in an endemic area of Switzerland. Jt Bone Spine Rev Rhum. 2004;71(1):39-43. doi:10.1016/S1297-319X(03)00160-X. [PubMed] Renaud I, Cachin C, Gerster J-C.
249.) Epidemiology and Clinical Similarities of Human Spirochetal Diseases. Clinical Infectious Diseases. 1989;11(Supplement 6):S1460-S1469. doi: 10.1093/clinids/11.supplement_6.s1460. [PubMed] Schmid G.
250.) [Outline of Lyme borreliosis in Brazil]. [in Portuguese]. Rev Hosp Clin Fac Med Sao Paulo. 1997;52(2):111-7. [PubMed]Yoshinari NH, de Barros PJ, Bonoldi VL, Ishikawa M, Battesti DM, Pirana S, da Fonseca AH, Schumaker TT.
251.) Disease expression of Lyme borreliosis in northeastern France. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2001;20(4):225-30. [PubMed] Lipsker D, Hansmann Y, Limbach F, Clerc C, Tranchant C, Grunenberger F, Caro-Sampara F, Attali P, Frey M, Kubina M, Piémont Y, Sibilia J, Jaulhac B;
252.) Parsonage-Turner syndrome revealing Lyme borreliosis. Jt Bone Spine Rev Rhum. 2009;76(2):202-204. doi:10.1016/j.jbspin.2008.07.013. [PubMed]
=======================================================================
14.) LYME DISEASE, LATE STAGE: OCULOPATHY, LIVER, KIDNEY AND RESPIRATORY MANIFESTATIONS
======================================================================
253.) Acute isolated partial oculomotor nerve palsy due to Lyme neuroborreliosis in a 5 year old girl. European Journal of Paediatric Neurology. 2016;20(6):977-979. doi:10.1016/j.ejpn.2016.05.022. [PubMed] Drenckhahn A, Spors B, Knierim E.
254.) Diagnosis and clinical characteristics of ocular Lyme borreliosis. Am J Ophthalmol. 1995;119(2):127-135. [PubMed] Karma A, Seppälä I, Mikkilä H, Kaakkola S, Viljanen M, Tarkkanen A.
255.) [Ocular manifestations of Lyme borreliosis in northwest Croatia]. [in Croatian]. Lijec Vjesn. 2004;126(5-6):124-128. [PubMed] Golubic D, Vinkovic T, Turk D, Hranilovic J, Slugan I.
256.)The expanding clinical spectrum of ocular lyme borreliosis. Ophthalmology. 2000;107(3):581-587. [PubMed] Mikkilä HO, Seppälä IJ, Viljanen MK, Peltomaa MP, Karma A.
257.) Concurrent Lyme disease and babesiosis. Evidence for increased severity and duration of illness. JAMA. 1996;275(21):1657-1660. [PubMed] Krause PJ, Telford SR, Spielman A, et al.
258.) [Lyme disease with hepatitis and corticosteroids: a case report]. [in French]. Rev Med Interne. 2012;33(6):339-342. doi:10.1016/j.revmed.2012.01.016. [PubMed] Muslmani M, Gilson M, Sudre A, Juvin R, Gaudin P.
259.) Lyme disease-associated glomerulonephritis. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2011; 26 (9): 3054-3056. doi: 10.1093/ndt/gfr335 [PubMed]Finnian R. Mc Causland, Sophie Niedermaier, Vanesa Bijol, Helmut G. Rennke, Mary E. Choi, John P. Forman;
260.) Chronic Lyme borreliosis associated with minimal change glomerular disease: a case report. BMC Nephrol. 2017;18(1). doi:10.1186/s12882-017-0462-4. [PubMed] Florens N, Lemoine S, Guebre-Egziabher F, et al.
262.) Lyme disease and glomerulonephritis, Ir Med J, 1999, vol. 92 pg. 372 [PubMed] Kelly B, Finnegan P, Cormican M, et al.
263.) Membranous glomerulonephritis secondary to Borrelia burgdorferi infection presenting as nephrotic syndrome, NDT Plus, 2010, vol. 3 (pg. 105-106)[PubMed] Papineni P, Doherty T, Pickett T, et al.
264.) MPGN and nephrotic syndrome secondary to Lyme disease, Am J Kidney Dis (abstract), 2008, vol. 51 pg. B83 Rawal B, Rovner L, Thakar C, et al. CrossRef
265.) Diaphgramatic paralysis due to Lyme disease. Eur Respir J. 1999;13:700–702. doi: 10.1183/09031936.99.13370099. [PubMed] [Cross Ref] Faul JL, Ruoss S, Doye RL.
266.) Acute lyme infection presenting with amyopathic dermatomyositis and rapidly fatal interstitial pulmonary fibrosis: a case report. J Med Case Reports. 2010;4(1). doi:10.1186/1752-1947-4-187. [PubMed] Nguyen H, Le C, Nguyen H.
267.) Neuroborreliosis as a cause of respiratory failure. J Neurol. 1992;242:604–607. doi: 10.1007/BF00868815. [PubMed] [Cross Ref] Silva MT, Sophar M, Howard RS.
=========================================================
15.) LYME DISEASE, LATENT STAGE, UNESPICIFIED
=========================================================
268.) Spirochetal infection of the central nervous system. Infect Dis Clin North Am. 1990 Dec;4(4):731-46. PMID: 2277196 [PubMed] Coyle PK1, Dattwyler R.
269.) Activation of latent Lyme borreliosis concurrent with a herpes simplex virus type 1 infection. Scand J Infect Dis. 2002;34(12):922-4. PMID:12587627 [PubMed] Gylfe A, Wahlgren M, Fahlén L, Bergström S.
270.)[The classification of Lyme borreliosis (Lyme disease)]. Ter Arkh. 1995;67(11):49-51. PMID: 8571252 [PubMed] Lesniak OM, Belikov ES.
271.) Persisting atypical and cystic forms of Borrelia burgdorferi and local inflammation in Lyme neuroborreliosis. J Neuroinflammation. 2008;5(1):40. doi:10.1186/1742-2094-5-40. [PubMed] Miklossy J, Kasas S, Zurn AD, McCall S, Yu S, McGeer PL.
273.)[Clinical manifestations of neuroborreliosis in the Volga region]. Ter Arkh. 2010;82(11):68-70. [Article in Russian] [PubMed] Nafeev AA, Klimova LV.
274.) Spirochetal diseases of the CNS. Neurol Clin. 1986;4(1):207-222. [PubMed] Pachner AR.
275.) Latent Lyme neuroborreliosis: presence of Borrelia burgdorferi in the cerebrospinal fluid without concurrent inflammatory signs. Neurology. 1989 Aug;39(8):1118-20. PMID: 2668788 [PubMed] Pfister HW, Preac-Mursic V, Wilske B, Einhäupl KM, Weinberger K.
276.) Epidemiology and clinical similarities of human spirochetal diseases. Rev Infect Dis. 1989;11 Suppl 6:S1460-9. [PubMed] Schmid GP.
277.) [Outline of Lyme borreliosis in Brazil]. Rev Hosp Clin Fac Med Sao Paulo. 1997;52(2):111-7. [Article in Portuguese] [PubMed]Yoshinari NH, de Barros PJ, Bonoldi VL, Ishikawa M, Battesti DM, Pirana S, da Fonseca AH, Schumaker TT.
278.) Avitabile C, Harris M, Chowdhury D. Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Characterizes Myocarditis in a 16-Year-Old Female With Lyme Disease. World Journal for Pediatric and Congenital Heart Surgery. 2016;7(3):394-396. doi:10.1177/2150135115593134. [PubMed] Avitabile C, Harris M, Chowdhury D.
279.) [Lyme carditis]. [Article in Polish]. Pol Med J. 2015;39(230):111–115. [PubMed] Blaut-Jurkowska J, Olszowska M, Kaznica-Wiatr M, Piotr Podolec P.
280.) Recent-onset dilated cardiomyopathy associated with Borrelia burgdorferi infection. Herz. 2015;40(6):892-897. doi:10.1007/s00059-015-4308-1. [PubMed] Kuchynka P, Palecek T, Havranek S et al.
281.) [Inflammatory borrelia - associated dilated cardiomyopathy]. [Article in Czech]. Vnitr Lek. 2013;59(12):1107-10. [PubMed] .) Plocarová K.
========================================================================
Actualmente a nivel mundial la ENFERMEDAD DE LYME se ha convertido en un gran problema de salud pública, debido al aumento anual de los casos, que en los Estados unidos asciende a unos 380.000, casos nuevos anuales, 2 veces más que el cáncer de mama y 6 veces más que el SIDA, y mas allá de esto, la falta de modernización de los CODIGOS DE LA ENFERMEDAD a nivel de SOFTWARE o DIGITAL, Estos no aparecen actualmente y deben ser reconocidos para que los pacientes puedan ser tratadosr a tiempo.
Los eventos que presento a continuación están altamente relacionados con esta falta de "CODIFICACIÓN" de la ENFERMEDAD DE LYME y sus diferentes formas de manifestarse clínicamente:
1.) DIFICULTAD PARA HACER EL DIAGNOSTICO:
=======================================
Ya bien es conocido que algunos TEST, para diagnosticar la enfermedad dan como resultado "NEGATIVO" por la habilidad que tiene el agente causal, la espiroqueta BORRELIA de "esconderse (BIOFILM) ante las pruebas diagnosticas. Muchos pacientes con síntomas de diferentes enfermedades como MENINGITIS, ARTRITIS, y FIEBRE RECURRENTE, en etapas tardías se descubre que son LYME "POSITIVOS" luego de hacerse múltiples pruebas para el diagnostico, perdiéndose un TIEMPO VALIOSO para iniciar un tratamiento adecuado, y lo peor es que el desarrollo crónico de estos síntomas, daa la calidad de vida de los pacientes que son desasistidos por no tener UN DIAGNOSTICO ESPECIFICO.
2.) RESISTENCIA AL TRATAMIENTO CONVENCIONAL:
============================================
Otro de los aspectos a considerar es que la BORRELIA y sus especies con el tiempo han desarrollado una "GRAN RESISTENCIA" a la terapia convencional con los consabidos tratamientos antibióticos: MINOCICLINA, DOXICICLINA, AMOXICILINA, CEFUROXIMA, y OTROS, llevando a los pacientes a la desesperación al producirse la cronificación de los síntomas. La ENFERMEDAD DE LYME tiene CUATRO ETAPAS CLASICAMENTE conocidas: INICIAL (I), SECUNDARIA (II), TARDIA (III) Y CRONICA (IV).
3.) LA FALTA DE MODERNIZACION DE LOS CODIGOS PARA LA ENFERMEDAD DE LYME:
=====================================================================
En este mundo moderno y GLOBALIZADO, la digitalización y la informática se han convertido en elementos esenciales y todo o casi todo TIENE UN CODIGO, aun las ENFERMEDADES a nivel de software, y en el caso de la ENFERMEDAD DE LYME estos deben ser ACTUALIZADOS, y esto se hace en base a las EVIDENCIAS REPORTES, ESTUDIOS Y PUBLICACIONES de las distintas manifestaciones de la enfermedad.
Entonces te estarás preguntando porque la ENFERMEDAD DE LYME necesita la actualización de sus CODIGOS? Si tú te metes en la Organización Mundial de La Salud (WHO) y buscas LA ENFERMEDAD DE LYME, solo encontraras DOS (2) menciones en el tema ZOONOSIS, transmisión por GARRAPATAS: LYME DISEASE y FIEBRE RECURRENTE (BORRELIOSIS), y los últimos reportes relevantes en cuanto a estudios de la enfermedad por la OMS datan de los años 1.993 y 1.995:
1.) WHO Workshop on Lyme Borreliosis Diagnosis and Surveillance. Warsaw, Poland, 20-22 June 1995, Ref: WHO/CDS/VPH/95.141:
Los países involucrados fueron: Austria, Bulgaria, Republica Checa, Dinamarca, Yugoslavia, Francia, Hungría, Irlanda, Japón< Holanda, Polonia, Rusia, Suecia, Suiza, Reino Unido y Estados Unidos.
2.) Report of a WHO Workshop on Lyme Borreliosis. Piestany, Slovak Republic, 6 October 1993, Ref: WHO/CDS/VPH/93.132:
Los países involucrados: Alemania, Eslovaquia y Estados Unidos. Si te lees esos reportes podrás notar que están TOTALMENTE DESACTUALIZADOS en cuanto a la REALIDAD de la ENFERMEDAD DE LYME hoy día.
Y yo como siempre te voy a dar la respuesta:
Te voy a colocar acá mas de 270 REFERENCIAS BIBLIOGRAFICAS clasificadas en base a las distintas manifestaciones de LA ENFERMEDAD DE LYME o LYME BORRELIOSIS que son suficientes para RECONOCER que mas allá de "ENFERMEDAD DE LYME" Y "FIEBRE RECURRENTE (BORRELIOSIS) hay otras manifestaciones de la BORRELIOSIS que deben ser CODIFICADAS, DIGITALIZADAS, para darle una total cobertura a la ENFERMEDAD y búsqueda de sus manifestaciones clínicas.
Esta "AUSENCIA" de CODIGOS provoca que muchos pacientes portadores de LYME no sean atendidos ADECUADAMENTE, pues NO "APARECEN EN EL SISTEMA" con sus respectivas consecuencias.
Aquí me hago la INOCENTE pregunta, esto que ocurre es "DESCONOCIMIENTO" o "INTENCIONADO"? porque reconocer todos estos CODIGOS IMPLICARIA más gasto publico por parte del Estado y de las compañías de seguros.
Aquí te pongo la CLASIFICACION y luego las referencias:
1.) ENFERMEDAD DE LYME CONGENITA: Potencial infección del Feto con posibilidad de Muerte:
- LYME BORRELIOSIS EN MUJER EMBARAZADA.
- ERLIQUIOSIS Y BORRELIOSIS EN MUJER EMBARAZADA.
- ORIGEN DE LAS INFECCIONES EN RECIEN NACIDOS MUERTOS.
- TRNASMISION INTRAUTERINA DE BORRELIA BURGDORFERI EN PERROS.
2.) ENFERMEDAD DE LYME: INFECCION PRIMARIA:
- RECIEN NACIDO MUERTO DE MUJER EMBARAZADA CON ENFERMEDAD DE LYME.
- LYME BBORRELIOSIS, IMPLICACION PARA EL FETO.
- BORRELIOSIS FETAL, TOXEMIA DEL EMBARAZO Y MUERTE FETAL.
- ERITEMA MIGRANS EN EL EMBARAZO.
- TRANSMISION MATERNO FETAL DE LA ENFERMEDAD DE LYME.
- BORRELIA BURDOGFERI EN RECION NACIDO.
A.) INFECCION PRIMARIA Y ERITEMA MIGRANS.
- ERITEMA MIGRANS PRIMARIO Y SECUNDARIO.
B.) INFECCION PRIMARIA SERONEGATIVA.
- ANTIGENOS NEGATIVOS CONTRA BORRELIA BURGDORFERI EN FLUIDO CEREBRO ESPINAL EN ENFERMEDAD DE LYME NEUROLOGICA.
- ENFERMEDAD DE LYME SERONEGATIVA.
- NEUROBORRELIOSIS RECURRENTE CRONICA SERONEGATIVA.
3.) ENFERMEDAD DE LYME: INFECCION PERSISTENTE EN LA ETAPA SECUNDARIA Y TARDIA:
- INFECCION PERSISTENTE A ANTIBIOTICOS DOXIXICLINA Y AMOXICILINA.
- AISLAMIENTO DE BORRELIA BURGDORFERI DE IRIS OCULAR.
- SOBREVIVENCIA DE BORRELIA BURGDORFERI LUEGO DE ANTIBIOTICOTERAPIA.
4.) ENFERMEDAD DE LYME: INFECCION SECUNDARIA Y TARDIA:
A.) MANIFESTACIONES CUTANEAS:
- LINFOCITOMA POR BORRELIA (BL).
- ACRODERMATITIS ATROFICA.
- GRANULOMA ANULAR.
- MORFEA.
- ESCLERODERMIA LOCALIZADA.
- LIQUEN ESCLEROSO Y ATROFICO.
B.) OTRAS MANIFESTACIONES CUTANEAS:
- INFILTRADO LINFOCITICO BENIGNO DE JESSNER KANOF.
- ACRODERMATITIS DE GIANOTTI CROSTI.
- ERITEMA MULTIFORME ATIPICO.
- VASCULITIS URTICARIANA.
5.) ENFERMEDAD DE LYME DE LA PIEL Y MEMBRANAS MUCOSAS:
- ASOCIACION DE LA ENFERMEDAD DE LYME CON LA ENFERMEDAD DE MORGELLON.
- ALOPECIA DIFUSA.
- ESCLERODERMIA EN GOLPE DE SABLE.
- PSEUDOPELADA DE BROCQ.
6.) ENFERMEDAD DE LYME: OTRAS LESIONES:
- ANETODERMA.
- ERITEMA MIGRANS PRIMARIO Y SECUNDARIO EN NIÑOS.
7.) ENFERMEDAD DE LYME SECUNDARIA Y TARDIA: MENINGITIS, OCULOPATIA, IRIDOCICLITIS , IRISTIS, UVEITIS.
A.) LYME MENINGITIS.
B.) LYME OCULOPATIA.
C.) LYME IRIDOCICLITIS, IRITIS Y UVEITIS.
8.) ENFERMEDAD DE LYME: NEFRITIS SECUNDARIA Y TARDIA, HEPATITIS, LINFADENOPATIA, MIOSITIS Y OTRAS.
A.) LYME NEFRITIS.
B.) LYME HEPATITIS.
C.) LYME LINFADENOPATIA.
D.) LYME MIOSITIS.
E.) OTRAS CONDICIONES:
- SINTOMAS PERPLEJOS.
- PANCITOPENIA.
- SINTOMAS OCULARES.
9.) ENFERMEDAD DE LYME TARDIA: MANIFESTACIONES CARDIOVASCULARES:
A.) ANEURISMA AORTICO.
B.) ANEURISMA DE ARTERIAS CORONARIAS.
C.) ENDOCARDITIS TARDIA.
D.) CARDITIS.
E.) BLOQUEO ATRIOVENTRICULAR.
10.) ENFERMEDAD DE LYME: NEUROBORRELIOSIS TARDIA (NB), NEURITIS O NEUROPATIA, NEUROBORRELIOSIS (NB) CON INFARTOS CEREBRALES, PARKINSONISMO Y ENCEFALITIS.
A.) NEUROBORRELIOSIS (NJB) TARDIA SINTOMATICA.
B.) NEURITIS O NEUROPATIA TARDIA.
C.) NEUROBORRELIOSIS (NB) MENINGOVASCULAR CON INFARTOS CEREBRALES.
D.) ANEURISMA INTRACRANEANO.
E.) PARKINSONISMO.
F.) ENCEFALITIS TARDIA.
G.) EMBOLIA POR NEUROBORRELIOSIS.
H.) NEUROBORRELIOSIS (NB) SINTOMAS INESPECIFICOS:
- ENFERMEDAD DE LYME TARDIA (NEUROBORRELIOSIS: COMPARACION Y EVIDENCIA DE LAS ESPIROQUETAS Y LA NEUROSIFILIS TARDIA.
- EVIDENCIAS ENTRE LA INFECCION POR ESPIROQUETAS Y LA ENFERMEDAD DE ALZHEIMER.
11.) ENFERMEDAD DE LYME TARDIA: NEUROBORRELIOSIS, MENINGOENCEFALITIS O MENINGOMIELOENCEFALITIS TARDIA.
12.) ENFERMEDAD DE LYME TARDIA: FORMA ATROFICA DE MENINGOENCEFALITIS CON DEMENCIA Y DEMENCIA SUBAGUDA PRESENIL Y MANIFESTACIONES NEUROSIQUIATRICAS.
13.) ENFERMEDAD DE LYME TARDIA: HUESOS, ARTICULACIONES Y MANIFESTACIONES MUSCULO ESQUELETICAS.
14.) ENFERMEDAD DE LYME TARDIA: OCULOPATIA, HIGADO, RIÑON Y MANIFESTACIONES RESPIRATORIAS.
A.) OCULOPATIA.
B.) HIGADO Y OTRAS VISCERAS.
C.) RIÑON Y URETER.
D.) BRONQUIOS Y PULMONES.
15.) ENFERMEDAD DE LYME LATENTE: SINTOMAS INESPECIFICOS.
A.) INFECCION DEL SISTEMA NERVIOSO CENTRAL.
B.) HERPES SIMPLE TIPO 1.
C.) ENFERMEDADES POR ESPIROQUETAS DEL SISTEMA NERVIOSO CENTRAL.
Esta CLASIFICACION que acabas de leer es un resumen de las 280 REFERENCIAS BIBLIOGRAFICAS que te describo abajo las cuales puedes encontrar en las mejores BASES DE DATOS cientificas como PUBMED, MEDSCAPE, LILACS etc, si tienes alguna duda has un COPIA y PEGA de cualquiera de ellas, la colocas en tu navegador y obtendrás la información EXACTA en las mencionadas BASES DE DATOS.
Como podrás ver, existen suficientes EVIDENCIAS, para ACTUALIZAR los CODIGOS DE LA ENFERMEDAD DE LYME en todos los sistemas INFORMATICOS DEL PLANETA, para darle una cobertura TOTAL al diagnostico y tratamiento de esta enfermedad que a mi modo particular de ver se está convirtiendo en la NUEVA PLAGA del SIGLO XXI.
Lee aqui el segundo Capitulo de:
ENFERMEDAD DE LYME, SIFILIS Y LEPRA, EL ESLABON PERDIDO.
NO TE LA PIERDAS !!!
En las referencias los hechos...
Saludos a Todos.
Dr. jose Lapenta.
==============================================================================
EBIBLIGRAPHICAL REFERENCES / REFERENCIAS BIBLIOGRAFICAS
==============================================================================
1.) CONGENITAL LYME DISEASE / Borrelia burgdorferi can potentially infect the fetus and cause adverse fetal outcomes
==============================================================================
1.) Congenital infections and the nervous system. Pediatric Clinics of North America. 1992;39(4):669–690. doi:10.1016/s0031-3955(16)38370-5. [PubMed] Bale JF, Murph JR.
2.) [Human granulocytic ehrlichiosis co-incident with Lyme borreliosis in pregnant woman--a case study] [in Polish] Przegl Epidemiol. 2004;58(2):289–94. [PubMed] Brzostek T.
3.) Lyme disease. In: Remington JS, Klein JO, eds. Infectious Diseases of the Fetus and Newborn. 5th ed. Philadelphia: Saunders; 1995:447–528chap 11. Gardner T.
4.) Lyme disease. In: Remington JS, Klein JO. Infectious diseases of the fetus and newborn infant. 4th ed. Philadelphia: W B Saunders Co; December 13, 1994. Gardner T.
5.) The infectious origins of stillbirth. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2003;189(3):861–873. doi:10.1067/s0002-9378(03)00470-8. [PubMed] Goldenberg RL, Thompson C.
6.) Intrauterine transmission of Borrelia burgdorferi in dogs. American Journal of Veterinary Research. 1993;54(6):882–890. [PubMed Gustafson JM, Burgess EC, Wachal MD, Steinberg H.
7.) Stillbirth following maternal Lyme disease. N Y State J Med. 1987;11:615–616. [PubMed] MacDonald AB, Benach JL, Burgdorfer W.
8.) Gestational Lyme borreliosis. Implications for the fetus. Rheum Dis Clin North Am. 1989;15(4):657–677. [PubMed] MacDonald AB.
9.) Human fetal borreliosis, toxemia of pregnancy, and fetal death. Zentralblatt für Bakteriologie, Mikrobiologie und Hygiene. Series A: Medical Microbiology, Infectious Diseases, Virology, Parasitology. 1986;263(1-2):189–200. doi:10.1016/s0176-6724(86)80122-5. [PubMed] Macdonald AB.
10.) Erythema migrans in pregnancy. Wiener klinische Wochenschrift. 2000;111:933–40. [PubMed] Maraspin V, Cimperman J, Lotric-Furlan S, Pleterski-Rigler D, Strle F.
11.) Lyme disease during pregnancy. JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association. 1986;255(24):3394. doi:10.1001/jama.1986.03370240064038. PubMed Markowitz LE, Steere AC, Benach JL, Slade JD, Broome CV.
12.) Maternal-fetal transmission of the Lyme disease Spirochete, Borrelia burgdorferi. Annals of Internal Medicine. 1985;103(1):67. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-103-1-67. [PubMed]
Schlesinger PA, Duray PH, Burke BA, Steere AC, Stillman MT.
13.) Fetal outcome in Murine Lyme disease. Infection and Immunity. 1995;63(1):66–72. [PubMed] Silver RM, Yang L, Daynes RA, Branch WD, Salafia CM, Weis JJ.
14.) Lyme disease and pregnancy outcome: A prospective s of two thousand prenatal patients. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. 1993;169(2):367–374. doi:10.1016/0002-9378(93)90088-z. [PubMed] Strobino BA, Williams CL, Abid S, Ghalson R, Spierling P.
15.) Borrelia burgdorferi in a newborn despite oral penicillin for Lyme borreliosis during pregnancy. The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal. 1988;7(4):286–288. doi:10.1097/00006454-198804000-00010. [PubMed]
==============================================================================
2.) PRIMARY INFECTION ERYTHEMA MIGRANS
==============================================================================
16.) Clinical and epidemiological features of Lyme borreliosis in Bulgaria. Wien Klin Wochenschr. 2004;116(1-2):42-6. [PubMed] Christova I, Komitova R.
17.) Contributions to the treatment of dermatologic manifestations of Lyme borreliosis. Cutis. 1992 Jun;49(6):409-11. [PubMed] Hercogová J, Tománková M, Barták P.
18.) Study Group for Lyme Borreliosis. Disease expression of Lyme borreliosis in northeastern France. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2001;20(4):225-30. [PubMed] Lipsker D, Hansmann Y, Limbach F, Clerc C, Tranchant C, Grunenberger F, Caro-Sampara F, Attali P, Frey M, Kubina M, Piémont Y, Sibilia J, Jaulhac B; GEBLY Study Group.
19.) Primary and secondary erythema migrans in central Wisconsin. Arch Dermatol. 1993;129(6):709-16. [PubMed] Melski JW, Reed KD, Mitchell PD, Barth GD.
20.) Epidemiology and clinical similarities of human spirochetal diseases. Rev Infect Dis. 1989;11Suppl 6:S1460-9. Review type. [PubMed] Schmid GP.
==============================================================================
LYME DISEASE, PRIMARY INFECTION, SERONEGATIVE
==============================================================================
21.) Detection of Borrelia burgdorferi antigens in cerebrospinal fluid. Neurology 1993;43:1093-1097. [PubMed] Coyle PK, Deng Z, Schutzer SE, Belman AL, Benach J, Krupp LB, Luft B.
22.) Detection of Borrelia burgdorferi-specific antigen in antibody-negative cerebrospinal fluid in neurologic Lyme disease. Neurology. 1995;45(11):2010–2015. [PubMed]Coyle PK, Schutzer SE, Deng Z, et al.
23.) Seronegative Lyme Disease. Dissociation of T- and B-Lymphocyte Responses to Borrelia burgdorferi. N Engl J Med 1988;319:1441-6.
[PubMed]Dattwyler RJ, Volkman DJ, Luft BJ, Halperin JJ, Thomas J, Golightly MG.
24.) Tick inoculation in an eyelid region: report on five cases with one complication of the orbital myositis associated with Lyme borreliosis. Klin Oczna. 2006;108(4-6):220-4. [PubMed] Holak H1, Holak N, Huzarska M, Holak S.
25.) Diagnosis and clinical characteristics of ocular Lyme borreliosis. Am J Ophthalmol. 1995;119(2):127-35. [PubMed]Karma A, Seppälä I, Mikkilä H, Kaakkola S, Viljanen M, Tarkkanen A.
26.) Seronegative Chronic Relapsing Neuroborreliosis. Eur Neurol 1995;35:113-117. [PubMed] Lawrence C, Lipton RB, Lowy FD, Coyle PK.
==============================================================================
3.) LYME DISEASE, PERSISTENT INFECTION IN SECONDARY AND LATE STAGE
==============================================================================
27.) Identification of novel activity against Borrelia burgdorferi persisters using an FDA approved drug library. Emerg. Microbes Infect. 2014;3:e49. doi: 10.1038/emi.2014.53. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Cross Ref] Feng J., Wang T., Shi W., Zhang S., Sullivan D., Auwaerter P.G., Zhang Y.
28.) Borrelia burgdorferi detected by culture and PCR in clinical relapse of disseminated Lyme borreliosis. Ann. Med. 1999;31:225–232. doi: 10.3109/07853899909115982. [PubMed] [Cross Ref] Oksi J., Marjamaki M., Nikoskelainen J., Viljanen M.K.
29.) First Isolation of Borrelia burgdorferi from an Iris Biopsy. J Clin Neuro-ophthalmol 1993;13:155-161. [PubMed]
Preac-Mursic V, Weber K, Pfister HW, Wilske B, Gross B, Baumann A, Prokop J. Survival of Borrelia burgdorferi in Antibiotically Treated Patients with Lyme borreliosis. Infection 1989;17:355-359. [PubMed] Preac-Mursic V, Pfister HW, Spiegel H, Burk R, Wilske B, Reinhardt S, Bohmer R.
30.) Cultivation of Borrelia burgdorferi from joint fluid three months after treatment of facial palsy due to Lyme borreliosis. J. Infect. Dis. 1988;158:905–906. doi: 10.1093/infdis/158.4.905. [PubMed] [Cross Ref Schmidli J., Hunziker T., Moesli P., Schaad U.B.
==============================================================================
4.) LYME DISEASE, PERSISTENT INFECTION IN SECONDARY AND LATE STAGE, CUTANEOUS LESIONS, BORRELIAL LYMPHOCYTOMA
==============================================================================
31.) Borrelial Lymphocytoma in Children. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2015;34(12):1319-22. [PubMed] Arnež M, Ružic-Sabljic E.
32.) Borrelia burgdorferi-associated lymphocytoma cutis: clinicopathologic, immunophenotypic, and molecular study of 106 cases. J Cutan Pathol. 2004;31(3):232-40. [PubMed] Colli C, Leinweber B, Müllegger R, Chott A, Kerl H, Cerroni L.
33.) Clinical spectrum of skin manifestations of Lyme borreliosis in 204 children in Austria. Acta Derm Venereol. 2015;95(5):565-71. [PubMed] Glatz M, Resinger A, Semmelweis K, Ambros-Rudolph CM, Müllegger RR.
34.) B.Borrelia burgdorferi infection and cutaneous Lyme disease, Mexico. Emerg Infect Dis. 2007;13(10):1556-8. [PubMed] Gordillo-Pérez G, Torres J, Solórzano-Santos F, de Martino S, Lipsker D, Velázquez E, Ramon G, Onofre M, Jaulhac
35.) Therapy of Lyme borreliosis in children. Infection. 1996;24(2):170-3. [PubMed]MKrbkova L, Stanek G.
36.) Species of Borrelia burgdorferi complex that cause borrelial lymphocytoma in France. Br J Dermatol. 2009;161(1):174-6. [PubMed]
Lenormand C, Jaulhac B, De Martino S, Barthel C, Lipsker D.
37.) Solitary borrelial lymphocytoma in adult patients. Wien Klin Wochenschr. 2002;114(13-14):515-23. [PubMed] Maraspin V, Cimperman J, Lotric-Furlan S, Ruzic-Sabljic E, Jurca T, Picken RN, Strle F.
38.) Borrelial Lymphocytoma in Adult Patients. Clin Infect Dis. 2016;63(7):914-21. [PubMed] Maraspin V, Nahtigal Klevišar M, Ružic-Sabljic E, Lusa L, Strle F.
39.) Chemokine signatures in the skin disorders of Lyme borreliosis in Europe: predominance of CXCL9 and CXCL10 in erythema migrans and acrodermatitis and CXCL13 in lymphocytoma. Infect Immun. 2007;75(9):4621-8. [PubMed] Müllegger RR, Means TK, Shin JJ, Lee M, Jones KL, Glickstein LJ, Luster AD, Steere AC.
40.) Treatment of borrelial lymphocytoma. Infection. 1996;24(1):80-4. [PubMed] Strle F, Maraspin V, Pleterski-Rigler D, Lotric-Furlan S, Ruzic-Sabljic E, Jurca T, Cimperman J.
===============================================================
LYME DISEASE AND ACRODERMATITIS ATROPHICANS
===============================================================
41.) Cutaneous manifestations of Lyme borreliosis. Infection. 1991 Jul-Aug;19(4):284-6. [PubMed] Aberer E, Klade H.
42.) Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato strains isolated from cutaneous Lyme borreliosis biopsies differentiated by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Scand J Infect Dis. 1996;28(6):583-9. [PubMed] Busch U, Hizo-Teufel C, Böhmer R, Fingerle V, Rössler D, Wilske B, Preac-Mursic V.
43.) Further evidence for Borrelia burgdorferi infection in morphea and lichen sclerosus et atrophicus confirmed by DNA amplification. J Invest Dermatol. 1993;100(5):717-20. [PubMed] Schempp C, Bocklage H, Lange R, Kölmel HW, Orfanos CE, Gollnick H.
44.) Molecular subtyping of Borrelia burgdorferi in erythema migrans and acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans. J Invest Dermatol. 1994;103(1):19-22. [PubMed] Wienecke R1, Zöchling N, Neubert U, Schlüpen EM, Meurer M, Volkenandt M.
45.) Acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans--a spirochetosis. Clinical and histopathological picture based on 32 patients; course and relationship to erythema chronicum migrans Afzelius. Am J Dermatopathol. 1986;8(3):209-19. [PubMed] Asbrink E, Brehmer-Andersson E, Hovmark A.
================================================================
LYME DISEASE AND GRANULOMA ANNULARE, MORPHEA, LOCALIZED SCLERODERMA, LICHEN SCLEROSUS AND ATROPHICUS.
===============================================================
46.) Amplification of DNA of Borrelia burgdorferi in urine samples of patients with granuloma annulare and lichen sclerosus et atrophicus. 1999;135(2):210-2. [PubMed] Aberer E, Schmidt BL, Breier F, Kinaciyan T, Luger A.
47.)Localized scleroderma associated with Borrelia burgdorferi infection. Clinical, histologic, and immunohistochemical observations. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1993;29(2 Pt 1):190-6. [PubMed] Buechner SA, Winkelmann RK, Lautenschlager S, Gilli L, Rufli T.
48.) Morphoea: a manifestation of infection with Borrelia species? Br J Dermatol. 2007;157(6):1189-98. [PubMed] Eisendle K, Grabner T, Zelger B.
49.) Chronic borreliosis presenting with morphea- and lichen sclerosus et atrophicus-like cutaneous lesions. a case report. Dermatology. 2001;202(4):373-5. [PubMed] Kaya G, Berset M, Prins C, Chavaz P, Saurat JH.
50.) Diagnosis of Lyme disease based on dermatologic manifestations. Ann Intern Med. 1991;114(6):490-8. [PubMed] Malane MS, Grant-Kels JM, Feder HM Jr, Luger SW.
51.) Eruzione a tipo pitiriasi lichenoide con perifollicoliti in corso di borreliosi di Lyme. Eur J Pediat Dermatol. 1994;4:77–80. Menni S, Pistritto G, Gelmetti C, Stanta G, Trevisan G.
52.) Evidence for Borrelia burgdorferi in morphea and lichen sclerosus. Int J Dermatol. 2000;39(4):278-83. [PubMed] Ozkan S, Atabey N, Fetil E, Erkizan V, Günes AT.
53.) Further evidence for Borrelia burgdorferi infection in morphea and lichen sclerosus et atrophicus confirmed by DNA amplification. J Invest Dermatol. 1993;100(5):717-20. [PubMed] Schempp C, Bocklage H, Lange R, Kölmel HW, Orfanos CE, Gollnick H.
54.) Morphea Borrelia burgdorferi and localized scleroderma. Clin Dermatol. 1994;12(3):475-9. [ScienceDirect] Trevisan G, Rees DH, Stinco G.
55.) Lyme Borreliosis and Skin. Indian J Dermatol. 2013;58(3): 167–174. doi: 10.4103/0019-5154.110822 [PubMed] Vasudevan B, Chatterjee M.
56.) Extragenital lichen sclerosus with aetiological link to Borrelia. MJAFI. 2011;67:370–3. [PubMed] Vasudevan B, Sagar A, Bahal A, Mohanty AP.
57.) Is Localized Scleroderma Caused by Borrelia burgdorferi? Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis. 2016;16(9):577-80. [PubMed]Zinchuk AN, Kalyuzhna LD, Pasichna IA.
==================================================================
LYME DISEASE AND OTHER CUTANEOUS MANIFESTATIONS
=================================================================
58.) Benign lymphocytic infiltration (Jessner-Kanof): another manifestation of borreliosis? J Am Acad Dermatol. 1989;21(4 Pt 1):795-7. [PubMed] Abele DC, Anders KH, Chandler FW.
59.) Infantile acrodermatitis of Gianotti-Crosti and Lyme borreliosis. Acta Derm Venereol. 1996;76(3):242-3. [PubMed]Baldari U, Cattonar P, Nobile C, Celli B, Righini MG, Trevisan G.
60.) Polymerase chain reaction of Borrelia burgdorferi flagellin gene in Shulman syndrome. Dermatology. 1996;192(2):136-9. [PubMed] Hashimoto Y, Takahashi H, Matsuo S, Hirai K, Takemori N, Nakao M, Miyamoto K, Iizuka H.
61.) Atypical erythema multiforme occurring at the early phase of Lyme disease? Acta Derm Venereol. 2000;80(3):222. [PubMed] Lesire V, Machet L, Toledano C, de Muret A, Maillard H, Lorette G, Vaillant L.
62.) Urticarial vasculitis and Lyme disease. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1990;22(6 Pt 1):1114-6. [PubMed] Olson JC, Esterly NB.
=====================================================================
5..) LYME DISEASE OF SKIN AND MUCOUS MEMBRANES
=====================================================================
63.) Lyme borreliosis: aspects of tick-borne Borrelia burgdorferi infection from a dermatologic viewpoint. Semin Dermatol. 1990;9(4):277-91. [PubMed]Asbrink E, Hovmark A.
64.) Exploring the association between Morgellons disease and Lyme disease: identification of Borrelia burgdorferi in Morgellons disease patients. BMC Dermatol. 2015 Feb 12;15:1. [PubMed] Middelveen MJ, Bandoski C, Burke J, Sapi E, Filush KR, Wang Y, Franco A, Mayne P, Stricker RB.
65.) Lyme Borreliosis and Skin. Indian J Dermatol. 2013; 58(3):167–174. [PubMed] Vasudevan B, Chatterjee M.
=====================================================================
LYME DISEASE AND ALOPECIA
=====================================================================
66.) Diffuse reversible alopecia in patients with Lyme meningitis and tick-borne encephalitis. Wiener klinische Wochenschrift. 2000;111:976–7. [PubMed] Cimperman J, Maraspin V, Lotric-Furlan S, Ruzic-Sabljic E, Avsic-Zupanc T, Strle F.
67.) Lichen sclerosus et atrophicans, scleroderma en coup de sabre and Lyme borreliosis. Dermatol Reports. 2011;28;3(2):e27.
doi: 10.4081/dr.2011.e27. [PubMed] Gubertini N, Bonin S, Trevisan G.
68.) Lyme disease in central Europe. Curr Opin Infect Dis. 2001;14(2):133-7. [PubMed] Hercogová J, Brzonova I.
69.) [Pseudopelade Brocq--possible sequela of stage III borrelia infection?] [in German]. Der Hautarzt; Zeitschrift fur Dermatologie, Venerologie, und verwandte Gebiete. 1999;49(11):835–7. [PubMed] Schwarzenbach R, Djawari D.
=====================================================================
6.) LYME DISEASE AND OTHER LESIONS
=====================================================================
70.) Anetoderma: another facet of Lyme disease? J Am Acad Dermatol. 2003;48(5 Suppl):S86-8. [PubMed]Bauer J1, Leitz G, Palmedo G, Hügel H.
71.) Clinical spectrum of skin manifestations of Lyme borreliosis in 204 children in Austria. Acta Derm Venereol. 2015;95(5):565-71. [PubMed] Glatz M, Resinger A, Semmelweis K, Ambros-Rudolph CM, Müllegger RR.
72.) Primary and secondary erythema migrans in central Wisconsin. Arch Dermatol. 1993;129(6):709-16. [PubMed] Melski JW, Reed KD, Mitchell PD, Barth GD.
=====================================================================
7.) LYME DISEASE LATE STAGE: MENINGITIS, OCULOPATHY, IRIDOCYCLITIS, IRITIS,UVEITIS
=====================================================================
73.) Neurologic manifestations in children with Lyme disease. Pediatrics. 1995;96:1053-1056. [PubMed] Bingham PM, Galetta SL, Athreya B, Sladky J.
74.)Chronic and recurrent meningitis. Pract Neurol. 2008 Dec;8(6):348-61. Review doi: 10.1136/jnnp.2008.157396. [PubMed] Ginsberg L, Kidd D.
75.) Pachner AR. Early disseminated Lyme disease: Lyme meningitis. Am J Med. 1995 Apr 24;98(4A):30S-37S; discussion 37S-43S. [PubMed] Pachner AR.
76.) Clinical manifestations of Lyme disease. Zentralbl Bakteriol Mikrobiol Hyg A. 1986;263(1-2):201-5.[PubMed] Steere AC, Bartenhagen NH, Craft JE, Hutchinson GJ, Newman JH, Pachner AR, Rahn DW, Sigal LH, Taylor E, Malawista SE.
77.) Diagnosis and clinical characteristics of ocular Lyme borreliosis. Am J Ophthalmol. 1995;119(2):127-35. doi:10.1016/s0002-9394(14)73864-4. [PubMed] Karma A, Seppälä I, Mikkilä H, Kaakkola S, Viljanen M, Tarkkanen A.
78.) The expanding clinical spectrum of ocular lyme borreliosis. Ophthalmology 2000;107:581-587. [PubMed] Mikkilä HO, Seppala IJ, Viljanen MK, Peltomaa MP, Karma A.
79.) Ocular manifestations of tick-borne diseases. Surv Ophthalmol. 2016;61(6):726-744. Review. doi: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2016.03.011. [PubMed] Raja H, Starr MR, Bakri SJ.
80.) The eye and tick-borne disease in the United States. Curr Opin Ophthalmol. 2016;27(6):530-537. Review. DOI: 10.1097/ICU.0000000000000308 [PubMed] Sathiamoorthi S, Smith WM.
81.) Iritis and papillitis as a primary presentation of Lyme disease. Ann Ophthalmol. 1990;22(1):24-5. [PubMed] Boutros A, Rahn E, Nauheim R.
82.) [Ocular manifestations of Lyme borreliosis in northwest Croatia]. Lijec Vjesn. 2004;126(5-6):124-8. [Article in Croatian] [PubMed] Golubic D, Vinkovic T, Turk D, Hranilovic J, Slugan I.
83.) Ocular Lyme borreliosis. Am J Ophthalmol. 1989;15;108(6):651-7. [PubMed] Winward KE, Smith JL, Culbertson WW, Paris-Hamelin A.
=====================================================================
8.) LYME DISEASE SECONDARY AND LATE STAGE: NEPHRITIS, HEPATITIS, LYMPHADENOPATHY, MYOSITIS AND OTHER.
=====================================================================
84.) Lyme disease and glomerulonephritis. Ir Med J. 2017;92(5):372. [PubMed] Kelly B, Finnegan P, Cormican M, Callaghan J.
85.) Comment on 'Membranous glomerulonephritis secondary to Borrelia burgdorferi infection presenting as nephrotic syndrome'. Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation. 2010;25(5):1723-1727. doi:10.1093/ndt/gfq028. [PubMed] Kirmizis D, Chatzidimitriou D.
86.) Renal Manifestations of Lyme Disease: Interplay between Infection and Immunostimulation. In: Holmgren A, Borg G, ed. Handbook Of Disease Outbreaks: Prevention, Detection And Control. 1st ed. New York: Nova Science Publishers Inc; 2010. https://www.novapublishers.com/catalog/product_info.php?products_id=11009] Kirmizis D, Chatzidimitriou D.
87.) MPGN secondary to lyme disease. American Journal of Kidney Diseases. 2004;43(3):544-551. doi:10.1053/j.ajkd.2003.11.014. [PubMed] Kirmizis D, Efstratiadis G, Economidou D, Diza-Mataftsi E, Leontsini M, Memmos D.
88.) Minimal-Change Disease Secondary toBorrelia burgdorferiInfection. Case Reports in Nephrology. 2012;2012:1-3. doi:10.1155/2012/294532. [PubMed] Kwiatkowska E, Golembiewska E, Ciechanowski K, Kedzierska K.
89.) Lyme disease-associated glomerulonephritis. Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation. 2011;26(9):3054-3056. doi:10.1093/ndt/gfr335. [PubMed] Mc Causland F, Niedermaier S, Bijol V, Rennke H, Choi M, Forman J.
90.) Membranous glomerulonephritis secondary to Borrelia burgdorferi infection presenting as nephrotic syndrome. Clinical Kidney Journal. 2009;3(1):105-106. doi:10.1093/ndtplus/sfp160. [PubMed] Papineni P, Doherty T, Pickett T, Toth T, Boddana P.
91.) MPGN and Nephrotic Syndrome (NS) Secondary to Lyme Disease (LD). American Journal of Kidney Diseases. 2008;51(4):B83. doi:10.1053/j.ajkd.2008.02.231. [http://www.ajkd.org/article/S0272-6386(08)00402-2/abstract] Rawal B, Rovner L, Thakar C, Pollock J.
92.) Penetration of endothelial cell monolayers by Borrelia burgdorferi, Infect Immun , 1989, vol. 57 (pg. 1626-8) [PubMed] Comstock LE, Thomas DD.
93.) Goellner MH, Agger WA, Burgess JH, Duray PH. Hepatitis due to recurrent Lyme disease, Ann Intern Med , 1988, vol. 108 (pg. 707-8) [PubMed]Goellner MH, Agger WA, Burgess JH, Duray PH.
94.) Lyme borreliosis in the severe combined immunodeficiency (scid) mouse manifests predominantly in the joint, heart and liver, Am J Pathol, 1990, vol. 137 (pg. 811-20) [PubMed] Schaible UE, Gay S, Museteanu C, et al.
95.) Gastrointestinal and Hepatic Manifestations of Tickborne Diseases in the United States. Clin Infect Dis. 2002:34(9):1206-1212. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1086/339871 [PubMed] Zaidi SA, Singer C.
96.)[A reprospective analysis of 973 patients with lyme borreliosis in Kuyavian-Pomeranian voivodship in 2000-2005]. [Article in Polish] Przegl Epidemiol. 2012;66(4):581-6. [PubMed] Blazejewicz-Zawadziniska M, Brochocka A, Lisinska J, Borowiecki M.
97.) Lymphoadenopathy during lyme borreliosis is caused by spirochete migration-induced specific B cell activation. PLoS Pathog. 2011;7(5):e1002066. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1002066. [PubMed] Tunev SS, Hastey CJ, Hodzic E, Feng S, Barthold SW, Baumgarth N.
98.)[Clinico-epidemiologic characteristics of Lyme disease treated at the Infectious Disease in Novy Sad 1993-1998]. [Article in Croatian] Med Pregl. 2001;54(9-10):470-5. [PubMed] Vukadinov J1, Canak G, Brkic S, Samardzija NM, Aleksic-Dordevic M, Turkulov V, Cik-Nad E, Lalosevic V.
99.) Borrelia arthritis and chronic myositis accompanied by typical chronic dermatitis. JBR-BTR. 2008;91(3):88-9. [PubMed] Brtkova J, Jirickova P, Kapla J, Dedic K, Pliskova L.
100.) Orbital myositis associated with Borrelia burgdorferi (Lyme disease) infection. Ophthalmology. 2004;111(5):1023-8. DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2003.08.032. [PubMed] Carvounis PE, Mehta AP, Geist CE.
101.) Tick inoculation in an eyelid region: report on five cases with one complication of the orbital myositis associated with Lyme borreliosis. Klin Oczna. 2006;108(4-6):220-4. [PubMed] Holak H, Holak N, Huzarska M, Holak S.
102.) Lyme myositis. Arthritis Rheum. 2006;54(8):2697-700. [PubMed] Holmgren AR, Matteson EL.
103.) Two cases of orbital myositis as a rare feature of lyme borreliosis. Case Rep Infect Dis. 2011;2011:372470. doi: 10.1155/2011/372470. [PubMed] Sauer A, Speeg-Schatz C, Hansmann Y.
104.) [Lyme disease could mimic dermatomyositis]. [Article in French] Rev Med Interne. 2007 May;28(5):343-5. [PubMed] Waton J, Pinault AL, Pouaha J, Truchetet F.
105.) Late Diagnosis of Early Disseminated Lyme Disease: Perplexing Symptoms in a Gardener, J Am Board Fam Med May-June 2008 vol. 21 no. 3 234-236 [PubMed] doi: 10.3122/jabfm.2008.03.070196 Brooke E. Salzman, MD, Amber Stonehouse, MD and James Studdiford, MD
106.) Pancytopenia in Lyme disease. BMJ Case Rep. 2014;4;2014. pii: bcr2013201079. doi: 10.1136/bcr-2013-201079. [PubMed] Mehrzad R, Bravoco J.
107.) The eye and tick-borne disease in the United States. Curr Opin Ophthalmol. 2016 Nov;27(6):530-537. [PubMed] Sathiamoorthi S, Smith W.
=====================================================================
9.) LYME DISEASE LATE STAGE AND CARDIOVASCULARY DISEASE.
=====================================================================
108.) Coronary aneurysm in Lyme disease: Treatment by covered stent. International Journal of Cardiology. 2008;128(2):e72–e73. doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2007.04.163. [PubMed] Cuisset T, Hamilos M, Vanderheyden M.
109.) Coronary artery aneurysm in two patients with long-standing Lyme borreliosis. The Lancet. 1994;344(8932):1300-1301. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(94)90789-7. [PubMed] Gasser R, Watzinger N, Eber B et al.
110.) Presence of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato antibodies in the serum of patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2012 May;31(5):781-9. doi: 10.1007/s10096-011-1375-y. Epub 2011 Aug 13. [PubMed] Hinterseher I1, Gäbel G, Corvinus F, Lück C, Saeger HD, Bergert H, Tromp G, Kuivaniemi H.
111.)[Coronary aneurysm in a 69-year-old patient. Transthoracic echocardiography]. Ultraschall in der Medizin - European Journal of Ultrasound. 1995;16(04):200-202. doi:10.1055/s-2007-1003939. [PubMed] Watzinger N, Fruhwald F, Schafhalter I et al.
112.) Ascending aortitis: a clinicopathological study of 21 cases in a series of 300 aortic repairs. Pathology. 2014 Jun;46(4):296-305. doi: 10.1097/PAT.0000000000000096. [PubMed] Xu L1, Heath J, Burke A.
113.) Coronary artery aneurysm in two patients with long-standing Lyme borreliosis. Borreliosis Study Group. Lancet. 1994;344:1300–1301. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(94)90789-7. [PubMed] [Cross Ref] Gasser R, Watzinger N, Eber B, Luha O, Reisinger E, Seinost G, Klein W.
114.) Peroperative cardiogenic shock suggesting acute coronary syndrome as initial manifestation of Lyme carditis. J Clin Anesth. 2016 Dec;35:430-433. doi: 10.1016/j.jclinane.2016.08.005. Epub 2016 Oct 18. [PubMed] Clinckaert C, Bidgoli S, Verbeet T, Attou R, Gottignies P, Massaut J, Reper P.
115.) Coronary aneurysm in Lyme Disease: treatment by covered stent. Int J Cardiol. 2008 Aug 18;128(2):e72-3. [PubMed] Cuisset T, Hamilos M, Vanderheyden M.
116.) [Coronary aneurysm in a 69-year-old patient. Transthoracic echocardiography]. Ultraschall Med. 1995 Aug;16(4):200-2. German. [PubMed] Watzinger N, Fruhwald FM, Schafhalter I, Hermann J, Luha O, Zweiker R, Gasser R, Eber B, Klein W.
117.) [Complete atrioventricular block as the first clinical manifestation of a tick bite (Lyme disease)] [in Italian]. Giornale italiano di cardiologia (2006). 2011;12(3):214–6. [PubMed] Bacino L, Gazzarata M, Siri G, Cordone S, Bellotti P.
118.) Peroperative cardiogenic shock suggesting acute coronary syndrome as initial manifestation of Lyme carditis. Journal of Clinical Anesthesia. 2016;35:430–433. doi:10.1016/j.jclinane.2016.08.005. [PubMed] Clinckaert C, Bidgoli S, Verbeet T, et al.
119.) [The Lyme carditis as a rare differential diagnosis to an anterior myocardial infarction] [in German]. Zeitschrift für Kardiologie. 2002;91(12):1053–1060. doi:10.1007/s00392-002-0873-4. [PubMed] Dernedde S, Piper C, Kühl U, et al.
120.) [Reversible complete heart block by re-infection with Borrelia burgdorferi with negative IgM-antibodies] [in German]. Deutsche medizinische Wochenschrift (1946). 2008;134:23–6. [PubMed]Guenther F, Bode C, Faber T.
121.) Lyme carditis: restitutio ad integrum documented by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. Cardiology in Review. 2004;12(4):185-187. doi:10.1097/01.crd.0000123841.02777.5d. [PubMed] Karadag B, Spieker L, Schwitter J et al.
122.) Manifestations of Lyme carditis. International Journal of Cardiology. 2017;232:24-32. doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.12.169. [PubMed] Kostic T, Momcilovic S, Perišic Z et al.
123.) Detection of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in endomyocardial biopsy specimens in individuals with recent-onset dilated cardiomyopathy. European Journal of Heart Failure. 2012;14(6):588–596. doi:10.1093/eurjhf/hfs027. [PubMed] Kubánek M, Šramko M, Berenová D, et al.
124.)[Lyme disease presenting as infarction pain. A case report] [in French]. Archives des maladies du coeur et des vaisseaux. 2002;94(12):1419–22. [PubMed] Meimoun P, Sayah S, Benali T, et al.
125.) [Lyme carditis presenting as acute coronary syndrome: A case report] [in Polish]. Kardiologia polska. 2008;66(4):420–5. [PubMed] Rostoff P, Konduracka E, Massri E, et al.
126.) Detection of Borrelia bissettii in cardiac valve tissue of a patient with Endocarditis and Aortic valve Stenosis in the Czech Republic. Journal of Clinical Microbiology. 2008;46(10):3540–3543. doi:10.1128/jcm.01032-08. [PubMed] Rudenko N, Golovchenko M, Mokracek A, et al.
127.) [Diagnosis and course of myocarditis: A survey in the medical clinics of Zurich university hospital 1980 to 1998] [in German]. Schweizerische medizinische Wochenschrift. 2000;130(36):1265–71. [PubMed] Sauvant G, Bossart W, Kurrer M, Follath F.
128.) Borrelia burgdorferi as an etiologic agent in chronic heart failure? Scandinavian journal of infectious diseases. Supplementum. 1991;77:85–7. [PubMed] Stanek G, Klein J, Bittner R, Glogar D.
=====================================================================
10.) LYME DISEASE LATE STAGE, NEURO-BORRELIOSIS, NEURITIS OR NEUROPATHY, MENINGOVASCULAR, NB WITH CEREBRAL INFARCTS, LYME PARKINSONISM, LYME ENCEPHALITIS.
=====================================================================
129.) Lyme disease –induced polyradiculopathy mimicking amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Inter J of Neuroscience. 2014;124(11):859–862. doi:10.3109/00207454.2013.879582. [PubMed] Burakgazi AZ.
130.) Clinical and epidemiological features of Lyme borreliosis in Bulgaria. Wien Klin Wochenschr. 2004;116(1-2):42-6. [PubMed] Christova I, Komitova R.
131.) Seronegative Chronic Relapsing Neuroborreliosis. Eur Neurol 1995;35:113-117. [PubMed] Lawrence C, Lipton RB, Lowy FD, Coyle PK.
132.) Genetic Analysis of Borrelia garinii OspA Serotype 4 Strains Associated with Neuroborreliosis: Evidence for Extensive Genetic Homogeneity. J Clin Microbiol. 1999;37(12): 3965–3970. [PubMed Central] Marconi RT, Hohenberger S, Jauris-Heipke S, Schulte-Spechtel U, LaVoie CP, Rößler D, Wilske B.
133.) [Clinical manifestations of neuroborreliosis in the Volga region]. [Article in Russian]. Ter Arkh. 2010;82(11):68-70. [PubMed] Nafeev AA, Klimova LV.
134.) Avellis syndrome due to borreliosis. Eur J Neurol. 2007;14(1):112-4. DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-1331.2006.01528.x. [PubMed] Habek M, Mubrin Z, Brinar VV.
135.) Lyme disease: cause of a treatable peripheral neuropathy. Neurology. 1987;37(11):1700-6. [PubMed] Halperin JJ, Little BW, Coyle PK, Dattwyler RJ.
136.) Retrobulbar optic neuritis: a complication of Lyme disease? J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2007;78(12): 1409–1410. doi: 10.1136/jnnp.2006.113761. [PubMed Central] Krim E, Guehl D, Burbaud P, and LaguenyA.
137.) Unusual manifestations of nervous system Borrelia burgdorferi infection. Arch Neurol. 1987;44(7):781-3. [PubMed] Midgard R, Hofstad H.
138.) Optic neuropathy in children with Lyme disease. Pediatrics. 200;108(2):477-81. [PubMed] Rothermel H, Hedges TR 3rd, Steere AC.
139.) Optic nerve involvement in Lyme disease. Curr Opin Ophthalmol. 2012;23(6):485-90. doi:10.1097/ICU.0b013e328358b1eb. (Pubmed) Träisk F, Lindquist L.
140.) Stroke as an Unusual First Presentation of Lyme Disease. Case Rep Neurol Med. 2015;2015:389081. doi: 10.1155/2015/389081. Epub 2015 Dec 16. [PubMed] Almoussa M1, Goertzen A1, Fauser B1, Zimmermann CW1.
141.) Neuroborreliosis-associated cerebral vasculitis: long-term outcome and health-related quality of life. J Neurol. 2013 Jun;260(6):1569-75. doi: 10.1007/s00415-013-6831-4. [PubMed] Back T1, Grünig S, Winter Y, Bodechtel U, Guthke K, Khati D, von Kummer R.
142.) Cerebral sinuvenous thrombosis: a rare complication of Lyme neuroborreliosis. Wiener klinische Wochenschrift. 2014;127(1-2):65-67. doi:10.1007/s00508-014-0622-5. [PubMed] Blažina K, Miletic V, Relja M, Bažadona D.
143.) The enlarging clinical spectrum of Lyme disease: Lyme cerebral vasculitis, a new disease entity. Ann Emerg Med. 1990;19:572–6. [PubMed] Brogan GX, Homan CS, Viccellio P.
144.) Lyme disease presenting as a stroke in the vertebrobasilar territory: MRI. Neuroradiology. 1993;35:529–31. [PubMed] Defer G, Levy R, Brugieres P, Postic D, Degos JD.
145.) Screening for neuroborreliosis in patients with stroke. Stroke. 1993;24:1393–6. [PubMed] Hammers-Berggren S, Grondahl A, Karlsson M, von Arbin M, Carlsson A, Stiernstedt G.
146.) [Lyme disease from the neurologist's viewpoint]. [in German]. Schweiz Med Wochenschr. 1987;117:901–15. [PubMed] Hanny PE, Hauselmann HJ.
147.) Cerebral vasculitis as the only manifestation of Borrelia burgdorferi infection in a 17-year-old patient with basal ganglia infarction. Eur Neurol. 2003;50:109–12. [PubMed] Heinrich A, Khaw AV, Ahrens N, Kirsch M, Dressel A.
148.)[Vasculitis course of neuroborreliosis with thalamic infarct]. [in German]. Nervenarzt. 1997;68:339–41. [PubMed] Keil R, Baron R, Kaiser R, Deuschl G.
149.) Large cerebral vessel occlusive disease in Lyme neuroborreliosis. Neuropediatrics. 2002;33:37–40. [PubMed] Klingebiel R, Benndorf G, Schmitt M, von Moers A, Lehmann R.
150.) Systemic, secondary and infectious causes for cerebral vasculitis: clinical experience with 16 new European cases. Rheumatology International. 2009;30(11):1471-1476. doi:10.1007/s00296-009-1172-4. [PubMed] Kraemer M, Berlit P.
151.) Borrelia rhombencephalomyelopathy. Arch Neurol. 1991;48:832–6. [PubMed] Kuntzer T, Bogousslavsky J, Miklossy J, Steck AJ, Janzer R, Regli F.
152.) Stroke-like Phenomena Revealing Multifocal Cerebral Vasculitis in Pediatric Lyme Neuroborreliosis. J Child Neurol. 2015 Aug;30(9):1226-9. doi: 10.1177/0883073814552104. [PubMed] Kurian M, Pereira VM, Vargas MI, Fluss J.
153.)[Ischemic stroke caused by neuroborreliosis]. [in French]. Arch Pediatr. 1999;6(12):1302-5. [PubMed] Laroche C, Lienhardt A, Boulesteix J.
154.) Stroke Due to Lyme Neuroborreliosis: Changes in Vessel Wall Contrast Enhancement. J Neuroimag. 2012;22(12):210–2. [PubMed] Lebas A, Toulgoat F, Saliou G, Husson B, Tardieu M.
155.) Stroke in neuroborreliosis. Stroke. 1990;21:1232–5. [PubMed] May EF, Jabbari B.
156.) Unusual manifestations of nervous system Borrelia burgdorferi infection. Arch Neurol. 1987;44:781–3. [PubMed] Midgard R, Hofstad H.
157.) Meningovascular form of neuroborreliosis: similarities between neuropathological findings in a case of Lyme disease and those occurring in tertiary neurosyphilis. Acta Neuropathol. 1990;80:568–72. [PubMed] Miklossy J, Kuntzer T, Bogousslavsky J, Regli F, Janzer RC.
158.) Biology and neuropathology of dementia in syphilis and Lyme disease. Handb Clin Neurol. 2008;89:825–44. [PubMed] Miklossy J.
159.) Neuroborreliosis simulating a progressive stroke. Acta Neurol Scand. 1990;81:471–4. [PubMed] Olsson JE, Zbornikova V.
160.) Stroke due to Lyme disease. Neurology. 1993;43:2705–7. [PubMed] Reik L., Jr
161.) [Multiple ischemic strokes due to Borrelia garinii meningovasculitis]. [in French]. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2010;166:931–4. [PubMed] Rey V, Du Pasquier R, Muehl A, Peter O, Michel P.
162.) Neuroborreliosis with vasculitis causing stroke-like manifestations. Eur Neurol. 2004;51:49–50. [PubMed] Romi F, Krakenes J, Aarli JA, Tysnes OB.
163.) Cerebral vasculitis with multiple infarcts caused by lyme disease. Cerebrovasc Dis. 2004;17:79–81. [PubMed] Schmiedel J, Gahn G, von Kummer R, Reichmann H.
164.) [Neuroborreliosis with extensive cerebral vasculitis and multiple cerebral infarcts]. [in German]. Nervenarzt. 1999;70:167–71. [PubMed] Schmitt AB, Kuker W, Nacimiento W.
165.) The long-term clinical outcomes of Lyme disease. A population-based retrospective cohort study. Ann Intern Med. 1994;121:560–7. [PubMed] Shadick NA, Phillips CB, Logigian EL, et al.
166.) Recurrent ischemic strokes revealing Lyme meningovascularitis. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2009;165:273–7. [PubMed] Sparsa L, Blanc F, Lauer V, Cretin B, Marescaux C, Wolff V.
167.) Unexplained cerebral vasculitis and stroke: keep Lyme neuroborreliosis in mind. Lancet Neurol. 2007;6:756–7. [PubMed] Topakian R, Stieglbauer K, Aichner FT.
168.) Cerebral angiopathy and recurrent strokes following Borrelia burgdorferi infection. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiat. 1987;50:1703–4. [PubMed Central] Uldry PA, Regli F, Bogousslavsky J.
169.) Acute ischaemic pontine stroke revealing lyme neuroborreliosis in a young adult. Acta Neurol Belg. 2008;108:103–6. [PubMed] Van Snick S, Duprez TP, Kabamba B, Van De Wyngaert FA, Sindic CJ.
170.) Basal meningovasculitis and occlusion of the basilar artery in two cases of Borrelia burgdorferi infection. Neurology. 1988;38:1317–9. [PubMed] Veenendaal-Hilbers JA, Perquin WV, Hoogland PH, Doornbos L.
171.) Cerebrovascular Events in Lyme Neuroborreliosis. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 2015 Jul;24(7):1671-8. doi:10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2015.03.056. [PubMed] Wittwer B, Pelletier S, Ducrocq X, Maillard L, Mione G, Richard S.
172.) Vasculitis and stroke due to Lyme neuroborreliosis – a review. Infectious Diseases. 2014;47(1):1-6. doi:10.3109/00365548.2014.961544. [PubMed] Zajkowska J, Garkowski A, Moniuszko A et al.
173.) Lyme neuroborreliosis mimics stroke: a case report. Arch phys Med Rehab. 2000;81:519–21. [PubMed] Zhang Y, Lafontant G, Bonner FJ., Jr
174.) Intracranial aneurysms in three patients with disseminated Lyme borreliosis: cause or chance association? J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1998;64:636–642. doi: 10.1136/jnnp.64.5.636. [PMC free article] [PubMed]
175.) Lyme borreliosis and intracranial aneurysm. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1999;66:806–807. doi: 10.1136/jnnp.66.6.806a. [PMC free article] [PubMed] Polet JD, Weinstein HC.
176.) Lyme-associated parkinsonism: a neuropathologic case study and review of the literature. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2003;127(9):1204-6. [PubMed] Cassarino DS, Quezado MM, Ghatak NR, Duray PH.
177.) Genetics Underlying Atypical Parkinsonism and Related Neurodegenerative Disorders. Jellinger KA, ed. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2015;16(10):24629-24655. doi:10.3390/ijms161024629 [PubMed] Scholz SW, Bras J.
178.) Neuroborreliosis Presenting as Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis. Pediatric Emergency Care. 2012;28(12):1374-1376. doi:10.1097/pec.0b013e318276c51d. [PubMed] Rocha R, Lisboa L, Neves J, García López M, Santos E, Ribeiro A.
179.) A case of chronic progressive lyme encephalitis as a manifestation of late lyme neuroborreliosis. Infect Dis Rep. 2014 Dec 11;6(4):5496. doi: 10.4081/idr.2014.5496. eCollection 2014 [PubMed] Verma V, Roman MShah D, Zaretskaya M, Yassin MH.
180.) Chronic or late lyme neuroborreliosis: analysis of evidence compared to chronic or late neurosyphilis.
Open Neurol J. 2012;6:146-57. doi: 10.2174/1874205X01206010146. Epub 2012 Dec 28. [PubMed] Miklossy J.
181.) Historic evidence to support a causal relationship between spirochetal infections and Alzheimer’s disease. Front Aging Neurosci 7, 46. [PMC free article] [PubMed] Miklossy J (2015)
182.) [Outline of Lyme borreliosis in Brazil]. [in Portuguese]. Rev Hosp Clin Fac Med Sao Paulo. 1997;52(2):111-7. [PubMed] Yoshinari NH, de Barros PJ, Bonoldi VL, Ishikawa M, Battesti DM, Pirana S, da Fonseca AH, Schumaker TT.
=====================================================================
11.) LYME DISEASE, NEUROBORRELIOSIS, - LATE LYME MENINGOENCEPHALITIS OR MENINGOMYELOENCEPHALITIS.
=====================================================================
183.) [Progressive Borrelia encephalomyelitis. Chronic manifestation of erythema chronicum migrans disease of the nervous system]. [in German]. DMW - Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift. 1985;110(26):1039-1042. doi:10.1055/s-2008-1068956. [PubMed] Ackermann R, Gollmer E, Rehse-Küpper B.
184.) Destructive chronic borrelia meningoencephalitis in a child untreated for 15 years. Scand J Infect Dis. 1987;19:697–700. [PubMed] Bensch J, Olcen P, Hagberg L.
185.) Central nervous system infection caused by Borrelia burgdorferi. Clinico-pathological correlation of three post-mortem cases. Folia neuropathologica. 1999;37:43–51. [PubMed] Bertrand E, Szpak GM, Pilkowska E, et al.
186.) [Tick-borne borreliosis. A case of chronic meningoencephalitis caused by Borrelia burgdorferi]. [in Norwegian]. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 1987;107(1):25-7, 49. [PubMed] Bogsrud T, Odegaard B.
187.) Lyme-associated parkinsonism: a neuropathologic case study and review of the literature. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2003;127:1204–6. [PubMed] Cassarino DS, Quezado MM, Ghatak NR, Duray PH.
188.) [Severe meningoencephalitis in Borrelia burgdorferi infection]. [in Polish]. Neurol Neurochir Pol. 1998;32:387–93. [PubMed] Czyrny M, Jura E, Seniow J, Baranska M, Wilske B, Czlonkowska A.
189.) Motor neuron disease features in a patient with neuroborreliosis and a cervical anterior horn lesion. Acta clinica Belgica. 2009;64:225–7. [PubMed] De Cauwer H, Declerck S, De Smet J, et al.
190.) Lyme meningoencephalitis: report of a severe, penicillin-resistant case. Arthritis Rheum. 1987;30:705–8. [PubMed] Diringer MN, Halperin JJ, Dattwyler RJ.
191.) [Acute severe leukoencephalitis with posterior lesions due to Borrelia burgdorferi infection]. [in French]. Presse Med. 2003;32:1607–9. [PubMed] Drouet A, Meyer X, Guilloton L, et al.
192.) Clinical pathologic correlations of Lyme disease by stage. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1988;539:65–79. [PubMed] Duray PH, Steere AC.
193.)The spectrum of organ and systems pathology in human Lyme disease. Zentralbl Bakteriol Mikrobiol Hyg A. 1986;263:169–78. [PubMed] Duray PH, Steere AC.
194.) Histopathology of clinical phases of human Lyme disease. Rheum Dis Clin North Am. 1989;15:691–710. [PubMed] Duray PH.
195.) The surgical pathology of human Lyme disease. An enlarging picture. Am J Surg Pathol. 1987;11(Suppl 1):47–60. [PubMed] Duray PH.
196.) [Isolated meningoencephalitis in Lyme disease]. [in French]. Ann Med Interne (Paris). 1987;138(2):149-50. [PubMed] Fénelon G, Chaine P, Lèche J, Guillard A.
197.) [Meningoradiculoencephalitis in Lyme disease. A case with major regressive mental disorders], [in French]. Presse Med. 1988;17(14):697. [PubMed] Ferroir J, Reignier A, Nicolle M, Guillard A.
198.) CNS Lyme disease manifestation in children. Przeglad lekarski. 2007;64(Suppl 3):38–40. [PubMed] Kacinski M, Zajac A, Skowronek-Bala B, Kroczka S, Gergont A, Kubik A.
199.) Case of Borrelia brainstem encephalitis presenting with severe dysphagia. Clin Neurol. 2010;50:265–7. [PubMed] Kawano Y, Shigeto H, Shiraishi Y, Ohyagi Y, Kira J.
200.) The clinical spectrum of early Lyme borreliosis in patients with culture-confirmed erythema migrans. Am J Med. 1996;100:502–8. [PubMed] Nadelman RB, Nowakowski J, Forseter G, et al.
201.) [Borrelia encephalitis and catatonia in adolescence]. [in German]. Nervenarzt. 1989;60:115–9. [PubMed] Neumarker KJ, Dudeck U, Plaza P.
202.) Inflammatory brain changes in Lyme borreliosis. A report on three patients and review of literature. Brain. 1996;119( Pt 6):2143–54. [PubMed] Oksi J, Kalimo H, Marttila RJ, et al.
203.) Fatal encephalitis caused by concomitant infection with tick-borne encephalitis virus and Borrelia burgdorferi. Clinical infectious diseases: an official publication of the Infectious. Dis Soc Am. 1993;16:392–6. [PubMed] Oksi J, Viljanen MK, Kalimo H, et al.
204.) [Recurrent and relapsing course of borreliosis of the nervous system]. [in German]. Wien Klin Wochenschr. 1990;102:4–12. [PubMed] Omasits M, Seiser A, Brainin M.
205.) Stages and syndromes of neuroborreliosis. J Neurol. 1998;245:262–72. [PubMed] Oschmann P, Dorndorf W, Hornig C, Schafer C, Wellensiek HJ, Pflughaupt KW.
206.) Central nervous system manifestations of Lyme disease. Arch Neurol. 1989;46:790–5. [PubMed] Pachner AR, Duray P, Steere AC.
207.) [Chronic neuroborreliosis with gait ataxia and cognitive disorders]. [in German]. Praxis (Bern 1994). 1997;86(20):867-9. [PubMed] Pennekamp A, Jaques M.
208.) Tick-borne encephalitis with polyradiculitis documented by MRI. Neurology. 2007;68:1232–3. [PubMed] Pfefferkorn T, Feddersen B, Schulte-Altedorneburg G, Linn J, Pfister HW.
209.) [Meningoencephalomyelitis caused by Borrelia burgdorferi: a case without epidemiologic history or chronic migratory erythema]. [in Spanish]. Med Clin (Barc). 1989;93:218–20. [PubMed] Ponz E, Graus F, Alvarez R, Sarmiento X, Vidal J, Grau JM.
210.) Neurologic abnormalities in Lyme disease without erythema chronicum migrans. Am J Med. 1986;81:73–8. [PubMed] Reik L Jr, Burgdorfer W, Donaldson JO.
211.) The long-term clinical outcomes of Lyme disease. A population-based retrospective cohort study. Ann Intern Med. 1994;121:560–7. [PubMed] Shadick NA, Phillips CB, Logigian EL, et al.
212.) Chronic progressive neurological involvement in Borrelia burgdorferi infection. J Neurol. 1987;234:40–3. [PubMed] Weder B, Wiedersheim P, Matter L, Steck A, Otto F.
===================================================================
12.) LYME DISEASE- LATE STAGE: ATROPHIC FORM OF LYME MENINGOENCEPHALITIS WITH DEMENTIA & SUBACUTE PRESENILE DEMENTIA & NEUROPSYCHIATRIC MANIFESTATIONS
===================================================================
213.) Cerebral atrophy in Lyme disease. Neuroradiology. 1990;32:252. [PubMed] Aasly J, Nilsen G.
214.) Alzheimers disease: A novel hypothesis integrating spirochetes, biofilm, and the immune system. Journal of Neuroinfectious Diseases. 2016;07(01). doi:10.4172/2314-7326.1000200.[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/294089000_Alzheimer's_
Disease_A_Novel_Hypothesis_Integrating_Spirochetes_Biofilm_and_the_Immune_System]Allen HB, Morales D.
215.) Dementia associated with infectious diseases. International Psychogeriatrics. 2005;17(S1):S65. doi:10.1017/s104161020500195x. [PubMed] Almeida OP, Lautenschlager NT.
216.) A study on the association between infectious burden and Alzheimer's disease. European Journal of Neurology. 2014;22(12):1519-1525. doi:10.1111/ene.12477. [PubMed] Bu X, Yao X, Jiao S et al.
217.) Multiple neurologic manifestations of Borrelia burgdorferi infection. Rev Neurol. 1988;144:765–75. [PubMed] Dupuis MJ.
218.) The surgical pathology of human Lyme disease. An enlarging picture. Am J Surg Pathol. 1987;11(Suppl 1):47–60. [PubMed] Duray PH.
219.) Microbes and Alzheimer’s Disease. Journal of Alzheimer's Disease. 2016;51(4):979-984. doi:10.3233/jad-160152. [PubMed] Itzhaki R, Lathe R, Balin B et al.
220.) [Mental disorders in the course of lyme borreliosis and tick borne encephalitis] [in Polish]. Przeglad epidemiologiczny. 2002;56:37–50. [PubMed] Juchnowicz D, Rudnik I, Czernikiewicz A, Zajkowska J, Pancewicz SA.
221.) Lyme disease presenting as subacute transverse myelitis. Acta Neurol Belg. 2009;109(4):326-9. [PubMed] Koc F, Bozdemir H, Pekoz T, Aksu H, Ozcan S, Kurdak H.
222.) Concurrent neocortical borreliosis and Alzheimer's disease. Human Pathology. 1987;18(7):759-761. doi:10.1016/s0046-8177(87)80252-6. [PubMed] MacDonald A, Miranda J.
223.) Borrelia in the brains of patients dying with dementia. JAMA. 1986;256:2195–6. [PubMed] MacDonald AB.
224.) Can infections cause Alzheimer’s disease? Epidemiologic Reviews. 2013;35(1):161–180. doi:10.1093/epirev/mxs007. [PubMed] Mawanda F, Wallace R.
225.) Senile plaques, neurofibrillary tangles and neuropil threads contain DNA? Journal of Spirochetal and Tick Borne-Diseases. 1995;2:1–5. Miklossy J, Gern L, Darekar P, Janzer RC, Van der Loos H.
226.) Further ultrastructural evidence that spirochaetes may play a role in the aetiology of Alzheimer's disease. Neuroreport. 1994;5:1201–4. [PubMed] Miklossy J, Kasas S, Janzer RC, Ardizzoni F, Van der Loos H.
227.) Persisting atypical and cystic forms of Borrelia burgdorferi and local inflammation in Lyme neuroborreliosis. Journal of Neuroinflammation. 2008;5(1):40. doi:10.1186/1742-2094-5-40. [PubMed] Miklossy J, Kasas S, Zurn A, McCall S, Yu S, McGeer P.
228.) Borrelia burgdorferi persists in the brain in chronic Lyme neuroborreliosis and may be associated with Alzheimer disease. Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease. 2004;6(6):639–649. [PubMed] Miklossy J, Khalili K, Gern L, et al.
229.) Beta-amyloid deposition and Alzheimer’s type changes induced by Borrelia spirochetes. Neurobiology of Aging. 2006;27(2):228–236. doi:10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2005.01.018. [PubMed] Miklossy J, Kis A, Radenovic A, et al.
230.) Alzheimer’s disease - a neurospirochetosis. Analysis of the evidence following Koch’s and hill’s criteria. Journal of Neuroinflammation. 2011;8(1):90. doi:10.1186/1742-2094-8-90. [PMC free article] [PubMed] Miklossy J.
231.) Alzheimer's disease--a spirochetosis? Neuroreport. 1993;4:841–8. [PubMed] Miklossy J.
231.) Bacterial Amyloid and DNA are Important Constituents of Senile Plaques: Further Evidence of the Spirochetal and Biofilm Nature of Senile Plaques. Journal of Alzheimer's Disease. 2016;53(4):1459-1473. doi:10.3233/jad-160451. [PubMed] Miklossy J.
232.) Chronic inflammation and amyloidogenesis in Alzheimer’s disease -- role of Spirochetes. Journal of Alzheimer’s disease : JAD. 2008;13(4):381–91. [PubMed] Miklossy J.
233.) Emerging roles of pathogens in Alzheimer disease. Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine. 2011;13. doi:10.1017/s1462399411002006. [PubMed] Miklossy J.
234.) Historic evidence to support a causal relationship between spirochetal infections and Alzheimer’s disease. Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience. 2015;7. doi:10.3389/fnagi.2015.00046. [PubMed Central] Miklossy J.
235.) The spirochetal etiology of Alzheimer’s disease: A putative therapeutic approach. In Alzheimer Disease: Therapeutic Strategies. Proceedings of the Third International Springfield Alzheimer Symposium. Edited by: Giacobini E, Becker R. Birkhauser Boston Inc.; 1994:, Part I: 41-48. ) Miklossy J.
236.) [Chronic neuroborreliosis with gait ataxia and cognitive disorders] [in German]. Praxis. 1997;86(20):867–9. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9312817. Accessed February 27, 2017. [PubMed] Pennekamp A, Jaques M.
236.) Neurologic abnormalities in Lyme disease without erythema chronicum migrans. Am J Med. 1986;81:73–8. [PubMed] Reik L Jr, Burgdorfer W, Donaldson JO.
237.) Dementia in Lyme disease. Presse Med. 1994;23:861. [PubMed] Schaeffer S, Le Doze F, De la Sayette V, Bertran F, Viader F.
238.) [Neuroborreliosis: CT and MRI findings in 14 cases. Preliminary communication] [in Polish]. Neurologia i neurochirurgia polska. 2002;35(5):803–13. [PubMed] Tarasów E, Ustymowicz A, Zajkowska J, Hermanowska-Szpakowicz T.
239.) Rapidly progressive frontal-type dementia associated with Lyme disease. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci. 1995;7:345–7. [PubMed] Waniek C, Prohovnik I, Kaufman MA, Dwork AJ.
240.)The underdiagnosis of neuropsychiatric lyme disease in children and adults. Psychiatric Clinics of North America. 1998;21(3):693-703. doi:10.1016/s0193-953x(05)70032-0. [PubMed] Fallon B, Kochevar J, Gaito A, Nields J.
241.) Lyme disease: a neuropsychiatric illness. The Am J Psychiatr. 1994;151:1571–83. [PubMed] Fallon BA, Nields JA.
242.) Psychiatric manifestations of Lyme borreliosis. J Clin Psychiatry. 1993;54(7):263-8. [Europe PMC] [PubMed] Fallon B, Nields J, Parsons B, Liebowitz M, Klein D.
243.) A controlled study of cognitive deficits in children with chronic Lyme disease. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2001;13(4):500-7. [PubMed] Tager FA, Fallon BA, Keilp J, Rissenberg M, Jones CR, Liebowitz MR.
===================================================================
13.) LYME DISEASE- LATE STAGE: BONE, JOINT AND MUSCULOSKELETAL MANIFESTATIONS
===================================================================
244.) Distinguishing Lyme from septic knee monoarthritis in Lyme disease-endemic areas. Pediatrics. 2013;131(3):e695-701. doi:10.1542/peds.2012-2531. [PubMed] Deanehan JK, Kimia AA, Tan Tanny SP, et al.
245.) Analysis of Borrelia burgdorferi genotypes in patients with Lyme arthritis: High frequency of ribosomal RNA intergenic spacer type 1 strains in antibiotic-refractory arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 2009;60(7):2174-2182. doi:10.1002/art.24812. [PubMed] Jones KL, McHugh GA, Glickstein LJ, Steere AC.
246.) Temporomandibular joint involvement caused by Borrelia Burgdorferi. J Cranio-Maxillo-fac Surg Off Publ Eur Assoc Cranio-Maxillo-fac Surg. 2007;35(8):397-400. doi:10.1016/j.jcms.2007.06.003. [PubMed] Lesnicar G, Zerdoner D.
247.) The incidence of Borrelia burgdorferi, Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Babesia microti coinfections among foresters and farmers in eastern Poland. J Vector Borne Dis. 2016;53(4):348-354. [PubMed] Pañczuk A, Tokarska-Rodak M, Koziol-Montewka M, Plewik D.
248.) Good outcomes of Lyme arthritis in 24 patients in an endemic area of Switzerland. Jt Bone Spine Rev Rhum. 2004;71(1):39-43. doi:10.1016/S1297-319X(03)00160-X. [PubMed] Renaud I, Cachin C, Gerster J-C.
249.) Epidemiology and Clinical Similarities of Human Spirochetal Diseases. Clinical Infectious Diseases. 1989;11(Supplement 6):S1460-S1469. doi: 10.1093/clinids/11.supplement_6.s1460. [PubMed] Schmid G.
250.) [Outline of Lyme borreliosis in Brazil]. [in Portuguese]. Rev Hosp Clin Fac Med Sao Paulo. 1997;52(2):111-7. [PubMed]Yoshinari NH, de Barros PJ, Bonoldi VL, Ishikawa M, Battesti DM, Pirana S, da Fonseca AH, Schumaker TT.
251.) Disease expression of Lyme borreliosis in northeastern France. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2001;20(4):225-30. [PubMed] Lipsker D, Hansmann Y, Limbach F, Clerc C, Tranchant C, Grunenberger F, Caro-Sampara F, Attali P, Frey M, Kubina M, Piémont Y, Sibilia J, Jaulhac B;
252.) Parsonage-Turner syndrome revealing Lyme borreliosis. Jt Bone Spine Rev Rhum. 2009;76(2):202-204. doi:10.1016/j.jbspin.2008.07.013. [PubMed]
=======================================================================
14.) LYME DISEASE, LATE STAGE: OCULOPATHY, LIVER, KIDNEY AND RESPIRATORY MANIFESTATIONS
======================================================================
253.) Acute isolated partial oculomotor nerve palsy due to Lyme neuroborreliosis in a 5 year old girl. European Journal of Paediatric Neurology. 2016;20(6):977-979. doi:10.1016/j.ejpn.2016.05.022. [PubMed] Drenckhahn A, Spors B, Knierim E.
254.) Diagnosis and clinical characteristics of ocular Lyme borreliosis. Am J Ophthalmol. 1995;119(2):127-135. [PubMed] Karma A, Seppälä I, Mikkilä H, Kaakkola S, Viljanen M, Tarkkanen A.
255.) [Ocular manifestations of Lyme borreliosis in northwest Croatia]. [in Croatian]. Lijec Vjesn. 2004;126(5-6):124-128. [PubMed] Golubic D, Vinkovic T, Turk D, Hranilovic J, Slugan I.
256.)The expanding clinical spectrum of ocular lyme borreliosis. Ophthalmology. 2000;107(3):581-587. [PubMed] Mikkilä HO, Seppälä IJ, Viljanen MK, Peltomaa MP, Karma A.
257.) Concurrent Lyme disease and babesiosis. Evidence for increased severity and duration of illness. JAMA. 1996;275(21):1657-1660. [PubMed] Krause PJ, Telford SR, Spielman A, et al.
258.) [Lyme disease with hepatitis and corticosteroids: a case report]. [in French]. Rev Med Interne. 2012;33(6):339-342. doi:10.1016/j.revmed.2012.01.016. [PubMed] Muslmani M, Gilson M, Sudre A, Juvin R, Gaudin P.
259.) Lyme disease-associated glomerulonephritis. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2011; 26 (9): 3054-3056. doi: 10.1093/ndt/gfr335 [PubMed]Finnian R. Mc Causland, Sophie Niedermaier, Vanesa Bijol, Helmut G. Rennke, Mary E. Choi, John P. Forman;
260.) Chronic Lyme borreliosis associated with minimal change glomerular disease: a case report. BMC Nephrol. 2017;18(1). doi:10.1186/s12882-017-0462-4. [PubMed] Florens N, Lemoine S, Guebre-Egziabher F, et al.
262.) Lyme disease and glomerulonephritis, Ir Med J, 1999, vol. 92 pg. 372 [PubMed] Kelly B, Finnegan P, Cormican M, et al.
263.) Membranous glomerulonephritis secondary to Borrelia burgdorferi infection presenting as nephrotic syndrome, NDT Plus, 2010, vol. 3 (pg. 105-106)[PubMed] Papineni P, Doherty T, Pickett T, et al.
264.) MPGN and nephrotic syndrome secondary to Lyme disease, Am J Kidney Dis (abstract), 2008, vol. 51 pg. B83 Rawal B, Rovner L, Thakar C, et al. CrossRef
265.) Diaphgramatic paralysis due to Lyme disease. Eur Respir J. 1999;13:700–702. doi: 10.1183/09031936.99.13370099. [PubMed] [Cross Ref] Faul JL, Ruoss S, Doye RL.
266.) Acute lyme infection presenting with amyopathic dermatomyositis and rapidly fatal interstitial pulmonary fibrosis: a case report. J Med Case Reports. 2010;4(1). doi:10.1186/1752-1947-4-187. [PubMed] Nguyen H, Le C, Nguyen H.
267.) Neuroborreliosis as a cause of respiratory failure. J Neurol. 1992;242:604–607. doi: 10.1007/BF00868815. [PubMed] [Cross Ref] Silva MT, Sophar M, Howard RS.
=========================================================
15.) LYME DISEASE, LATENT STAGE, UNESPICIFIED
=========================================================
268.) Spirochetal infection of the central nervous system. Infect Dis Clin North Am. 1990 Dec;4(4):731-46. PMID: 2277196 [PubMed] Coyle PK1, Dattwyler R.
269.) Activation of latent Lyme borreliosis concurrent with a herpes simplex virus type 1 infection. Scand J Infect Dis. 2002;34(12):922-4. PMID:12587627 [PubMed] Gylfe A, Wahlgren M, Fahlén L, Bergström S.
270.)[The classification of Lyme borreliosis (Lyme disease)]. Ter Arkh. 1995;67(11):49-51. PMID: 8571252 [PubMed] Lesniak OM, Belikov ES.
271.) Persisting atypical and cystic forms of Borrelia burgdorferi and local inflammation in Lyme neuroborreliosis. J Neuroinflammation. 2008;5(1):40. doi:10.1186/1742-2094-5-40. [PubMed] Miklossy J, Kasas S, Zurn AD, McCall S, Yu S, McGeer PL.
273.)[Clinical manifestations of neuroborreliosis in the Volga region]. Ter Arkh. 2010;82(11):68-70. [Article in Russian] [PubMed] Nafeev AA, Klimova LV.
274.) Spirochetal diseases of the CNS. Neurol Clin. 1986;4(1):207-222. [PubMed] Pachner AR.
275.) Latent Lyme neuroborreliosis: presence of Borrelia burgdorferi in the cerebrospinal fluid without concurrent inflammatory signs. Neurology. 1989 Aug;39(8):1118-20. PMID: 2668788 [PubMed] Pfister HW, Preac-Mursic V, Wilske B, Einhäupl KM, Weinberger K.
276.) Epidemiology and clinical similarities of human spirochetal diseases. Rev Infect Dis. 1989;11 Suppl 6:S1460-9. [PubMed] Schmid GP.
277.) [Outline of Lyme borreliosis in Brazil]. Rev Hosp Clin Fac Med Sao Paulo. 1997;52(2):111-7. [Article in Portuguese] [PubMed]Yoshinari NH, de Barros PJ, Bonoldi VL, Ishikawa M, Battesti DM, Pirana S, da Fonseca AH, Schumaker TT.
278.) Avitabile C, Harris M, Chowdhury D. Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Characterizes Myocarditis in a 16-Year-Old Female With Lyme Disease. World Journal for Pediatric and Congenital Heart Surgery. 2016;7(3):394-396. doi:10.1177/2150135115593134. [PubMed] Avitabile C, Harris M, Chowdhury D.
279.) [Lyme carditis]. [Article in Polish]. Pol Med J. 2015;39(230):111–115. [PubMed] Blaut-Jurkowska J, Olszowska M, Kaznica-Wiatr M, Piotr Podolec P.
280.) Recent-onset dilated cardiomyopathy associated with Borrelia burgdorferi infection. Herz. 2015;40(6):892-897. doi:10.1007/s00059-015-4308-1. [PubMed] Kuchynka P, Palecek T, Havranek S et al.
281.) [Inflammatory borrelia - associated dilated cardiomyopathy]. [Article in Czech]. Vnitr Lek. 2013;59(12):1107-10. [PubMed] .) Plocarová K.
No hay comentarios:
Publicar un comentario
Tu comentario será objeto de revisión y luego aprobado.
Your comment will be revised and then approved.